摘要
目的调查河南省碘缺乏病防治现状，完善可持续防治策略。方法采用人121比例概率抽样法（PPS）分阶段抽样。全省抽取30个县的8～10岁学生1200名，检查甲状腺肿大情况、测验智商、检测尿碘及家中盐样含碘量，并在学生和家庭主妇中进行健康教育问卷调查。结果①全省盐碘均值为29．18mg／kg，碘盐覆盖率为97．67％。②8-10岁学生甲状腺肿大率触诊法为4．56％，B超法为2．75％；智商均值为95．5，标准差为16.3。③检测8-10岁儿童尿样358份，尿碘中位数为315．30斗g／C。④问卷调查602名学生碘缺乏病防治知识，平均分为57．9分，及格率为35．5％。⑤在普及碘盐供应10年后，原划定病区与非病区间儿童甲状腺肿大率（B超法）差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；智商、盐碘、尿碘间差异亦无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论①河南省目前各项防治指标达到了碘缺乏病消除标准，但学龄儿童尿碘中位数较高，可以考虑适当下调碘盐含碘量；②儿童智商低下者（智商≤69）仍然高达7.3％，需要加强对孕妇的重点监测，早期发现缺碘，早期补碘；③防治知识知晓率偏低．应加强健康教育工作，增强群众防病意识。
Objective To investigate current situation of the iodine deficiency disorders （IDD） prevention and control in Henan Province in the aim at perfecting the countermeasures. Methods Proportional probability sampling method was used to randomly sample 1 200 pupils from 30 counties in Henan Province. Goiter, intelligence quotient （IQ）, urinary iodine level （UI）, iodinated salt （SI） and health education questionnaire was respectively inspected. Results ①In Henan, iodinated salt covered 97.67%, the average iodine content was 29.18 mg/kg. ②In students aged 8 - i0 year, goiter rate was 4.56% by palpation, was 2.75% by B-ultrasound; The average IQ value was 95.5 with a standard deviation of 16.3. ③UI was 315.30 ixg/L in students aged 8 - 10 year. ④Health education tluestionnaires of 602 resulted in an averaged mark of 57.9, 35.5% passed the exam. ⑤After supply of iodinated salt for 10 years, the goiter rate detected by B-ultrasound showed no significant differences of IQ, SI, UI between the epidemic areas originally defined and the areas of non-disease （P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusions ①Although IDD has been eliminated in Henan Province, the school children have a high median of UI. The concentration of SI needs to be lowered down considerably. ②As for the fact that 7.3% of children are mentally retarded, whose IQ〈~69, we need to pay great attention to the pregnant women if they lack of iodine. Once iodine deficiency is found out, iodinated salt is supplied as early as possible. ③For the awareness of IDD prevention and control is not popular, the health education must be promoted.
出处
《中国地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第2期184-186,共3页
Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology
基金
卫生部疾病预防控制司委托资助项目（2005）
河南省卫生厅委托资助项目（2005）
关键词
碘
缺乏症
监测
Iodine
Deficiency diseases
Surveillance
