摘要
黄土区大型露天矿区是一种剧烈的人工扰动区域,采矿活动对土地资源和生态与环境破坏非常严重,正确预测人工开采引发的人为加速土壤侵蚀与土地利用变化,可为生态脆弱煤矿区的生态恢复和重建提供依据.该文采用RS、GIS技术、统计分析、类比和趋势外推相结合的方法,对东露天矿区2005～2080年的土地利用变化和水土流失进行了预测性研究.结果表明：75年间,在没有采取生态重建的措施下,农用地减少3666.07 hm^2,未利用地减少1402.13 hm^2,居民点用地减少121.80 hm^2,全部变为独立工矿用地.土地利用结构和类型由多样性向单一类型的裸露的独立工矿用地发展,水土流失量由54.50万t/a变为77.85万t/a.
The large-scale open mining area of loess district is a kind of artificial violent perturbation area. Mining destructs land resources and eco-environment. Precise forecast of soil erosion and land use change by artificial mining is propitious to provide basis references of ecological restoration and rehabilitation for the ecological fragile district. Forecast of soil and water loss and land use change was analyzed based on RS and GIS technique, statistical analysis, historical analogy and inferring from trend for dong open-cast coal mine during 2005-2080. Results show that there are 3666.07 hm^2 of arable land, 1402.13 hm^2 of uncultivated land and 121.80 hm^2 residential land change to industrial and mining area unless reclamation. Diversity of land cover is decreased considerably. Soil and water loss changes from the original 54.50 Mt/a to 77.85 Mt/a.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第3期55-60,共6页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目资助(40071077
40471132)
关键词
土地利用
水土流失
变化分析
东露天矿
land use
soil and water loss
change analysis
dong open-cast coal mine
