摘要
19世纪思想家托克维尔的学说近年来受到国外政治学、社会学和舆论学界广泛的关注。基于对公众心态的深刻洞察力,托克维尔提出了“多数的暴政”与“舆论的宗教”概念。他一方面指出极端的平等反而会带来极端的专制,一方面希望从民主社会的内部发掘自由。针对公众舆论问题,他从政治与社会两个层面进行了思考。西方自由主义基本沿循了他政治层面的思路,但是他在社会层面的观点则一直被忽视。托克维尔所预言的庸众社会已成事实,值此之际,他的思想遗产更值得我们反思。
This paper explores Tocqueville' s ideas of "tyranny of majority" and "religion of public opinion" by focusing on his famous work Democracy in America. These ideas are rooted in mass mentality, which reveals how the equality of conditions will turn out to be a threat to democracy. Tocqueville' s proposal combines political and social elements. His vision of liberalism, which forms a sharp contrast with contemporary liberalism, remains an intellectual treasure for us.
出处
《复旦学报(社会科学版)》
CSSCI
北大核心
2007年第2期132-140,共9页
Fudan Journal(Social Sciences)
关键词
托克维尔
公众舆论
民主
多数的暴政
舆论的宗教
Tocqueville
public opinion
tyranny of majority
religion of public opinion