摘要
经济活动有两类人参与:一是从事生产交换活动的人,是为私家人(经济人);二是为经济活动建立制度规则、维持秩序的人,是为公务人。古代和近代是一种小规模生产,制度规则长期固定,公务人的参与被遮蔽,只显示出私家人活动,由此亚当·斯密提出了经济人假说。工业革命后,生产走向社会化,制度规则的变革加快,公务人与公务活动的作用增大。而在西方国家,资本主义市场经济占统治地位,这种制度凸显私家人,因而在西方经济学各种理论框架中,经济人假说是一大理论支柱。社会主义市场经济以公有制为主体,公务人与公务活动的作用更大,两类人假说更为适用,可为开创21世纪中国经济学提供一个理论支柱。
There are two types of men participating in economic activities： one refers to private man （economic man） engaging in production and exchange activities; the other refers to public servants establishing systems and rules and keeping the order for economic activities. In ancient and modem times, people held small - scale production. The systems and rules kept unchanged for quite a long time. The role of public servants was unveiled. Generally, there were only private activities on the surface. Hence, Adam Smith proposed the hypothesis of economic man. After the Industrial Revolution, the production became socialized, the reform of the systems and rules went on apace, and the function of public servants and their activities became more and more important. In the western countries, capitalist market economy prevails. It stresses private man. Therefore, under the various theoretical frameworks of western economics, the hypothesis of economic man is an important theoretical pillar. Socialist market economy takes the public ownership system as its foundation. The function of public servants and public activities are more im- portant. So the hypothesis of two types of men would be more appropriate. And the hypothesis may provide a theoretical pillar for the development of Chinese economics in the twentieth century.
出处
《经济学家》
CSSCI
北大核心
2007年第2期5-14,共10页
Economist
关键词
经济人假说
两类人假说
两条轨道
理论支柱
Hypothesis of economic man, Hypothesis of two types of men, Two paths, Theoretical pillar
