摘要
先后以乙醇、氯仿和正丁醇为溶剂,提取了熊耳山区植物藜芦根茎中的活性物质。得到3个提取物:乙醇提取物、氯仿萃取物和正丁醇萃取物,产率分别为2.93%、1.14%和0.58%。测定了3种溶剂萃取物对粘虫、蚜虫、朱砂叶螨和蚊幼虫的毒杀活性。结果说明:这几种提取物都具有良好的毒杀效果。氯仿提取物对3龄粘虫有很强的拒食作用;乙醇提取物对4龄蚊幼虫的杀虫活性最高;3种溶剂萃取物对蚜虫的毒杀能力大小次序为:氯仿提取物>正丁醇提取物>乙醇提取物;对朱砂叶螨的毒杀力大小为:乙醇提取物>氯仿提取物>正丁醇提取物。采用试管反应法和层析法对藜芦根茎提取物进行化学成分预试,结果显示:乙醇提取物、氯仿提取物和正丁醇提取物中均含有生物碱类活性物质。
The insecticidal active dements of plant-Veratrum nigrum from Xionger Mountains were extracted with 70% ethanul,chlorofonn and n-butyl alcohd. Three extracts were obtained and the yidds are 2.93%, 1.14% and 0.58%. The poisonous activity to Mythimna separata,Aphis craccivora Koch, Culex pipiens pallens and Tetranychus cinnbarinus Boisduval was determined. The results showed that these extracts had all fine insecticidal effects. Chloroform extract had strong antifeedant action against 3 instar larvae of Mythimna separata; ethanol extract had optimum activity against 4 instar larvae of Culex pipiens pallens, the order of their activity to Aphis craccivora Koch was chloroform extract 〉 n-butyl alcohol extract 〉 ethanol extract ; the order of their activity to Tetranychus cinnbarinus Boisduval was ethanol extract, chloroform extract and n-butyl alcohol extract. The results of the analysis for the root and stem powder of Veratrum nigrum L. by means of tube-test and chromatography showed that the ethanol extract, ehlorofonn extract and n-butyl alcohol extract from root and stem of Veratrum nigrum L. contained alkaloid.
出处
《天然产物研究与开发》
CAS
CSCD
2007年第2期266-269,共4页
Natural Product Research and Development
关键词
藜芦
杀虫活性
粘虫
蚜虫
蚊幼虫
朱砂叶螨
Veratrum nigrum L.
insecticidal activity
plant insecticides
Mythimna separata
Aphis craccivora Koch
Culex pipierts pallerts
Tetranychus cinnbarinus Boisduval
