摘要
本文是２４年来开展云南松无性系种子园营建技术及其有关方面研究的总结。扭纹理是云南松木材利用的主要缺陷。据调理，我省的云南松天然林直干株率为８１％～８４．４％，直干、直纹率为３８．７％～６２．２％，而人工林直干株率为１１．１０％直干直纹株率仅为３．７％。对云南松木纹理进行后代遗传测定：天然林中直干直纹的云南松优树木纹理的遗传品质最高。故可以通过选择优良的直纹单株（优树）建立无性系种子园，作为良种生产的基地。以此开展了优树选择，优树半同胞后代测定和早期预测，嫁接繁殖技术，无性系种子园营建技术和种子园植株的生长和结实规律的研究。并先后在一平浪林场、弥渡县建成５４．９ｈｍ２的云南松无性系种子园，作为生产性种子园的示范。所生产出的良种已应用于生产性造林。营造的云南松林不仅保存率高，直纹株率达８３．３％，而且林木生长快，生长量大。文章末了还对种子园的效益作了评估。
This paper is the summary of research on establishment techniques and relevant aspects of Pinus yunnanensis clonal seed orchard which have been done for 24 years. Twi-sted grain is a main fault in using Pinus yunnanensis as wood. According to investigation, the straight root percentage of Pinus yunnanensis natural forests is 81%～84.4%, the percentage of both straight root and grain is 38.7%～62.2% whereas the straight root percentage of Pinus yunnanensis man-made forests is 11.11%, the percentage of both straight root and grain is only 3.7%. The results of genetic test on grain of Pinus yunnanensis showed: In natural forests, the grain genetic quality of Pinus yunnanensis superior tree of straight root and grain is the highest. So it is possible to establish clonal seed orchard as the base of high quality seed production through selecting elite straight grain individual plant (superior tree). So a series research including superior tree selection, the half-sib early test of superior tree, grafting techniques, the techniques on establishment of clonal seed orchard and the growth and fruit-bearing law of plant in seed orchard, and 54.9hm 2 Pinus yunnanensis clonal seed orchard in Yipinglang forest farm and Midu county have been established as the demonstration of production seed orchard, the high quality seed have been applied to production forestation. The Pinus yunnanensis forests not only have the high preserve percentage and straight grain percentage of 83.3%, but also have the fast growth and large growth. In the end of this paper, the benefit of seed orchard has been estimated.
出处
《云南林业科技》
1997年第1期1-8,共8页
Yunnan Forestry Science and Technology
关键词
云南松
无性系
种子园
Pinus yunnanensis, clonal seed orchard, establishment technique
