摘要
交通网络承载着具有意志行为的个体组成的交通流,交通网络容量表示道路网络的交通承载能力,与交通网络的OD结构密切相关。本文在分析城市道路交通网络OD结构特征的基础上,提出表达道路网络容量的基本思想和模型,阐明交通网络容量受到交通流特性、网络要素容量、废气排放量、服务水平和系统效率等因素的影响,基于不同的考虑方法可以建立不同的网络容量模型。基于路段容量约束的网络容量描述了道路系统承载交通流的物理极限;基于路段容量约束和交通环境约束的网络容量则描述了道路系统承载交通流的环境极限;基于服务水平的网络容量描述了系统提供某种服务水平条件下的最大交通承载能力;基于效率的网络容量描述了网络资源使用效率和用户效益同时最大化条件下的道路网络承载能力。文章深入分析了所提出的各种模型之间的关系,在实际应用中可根据交通规划和管理所追求的具体目标,采取相应的模型。
The traffic network carries on the individual users who have the decision-making behaviors. Network capacity represents the throughput that the traffic network deals with its users, which is closely relative to the origin destination structure of the corresponding network. On the basis of analyzing origin-destination flow pattern of the traffic network, we propose the basic ideas on the read network capacity and formulate them in the mathematical programming. The network capacity is developed to relate to such essentials as, network flow characteristics, network element capacity, gas exhaustion, level of service and systemic efficiency. The various models of network capacity could be proposed on the corresponding requirement. The road capacity-based network capacity signifies the physical limit of network system; the environment-based network capacity describes the environmental limit of the network system; the LOS-based network capacity characterizes the maximum network flow at some Level of Service ; the efficiency-based network capacity stands for the throughput maximizing the efficiencies of network resources and user benefits. We further discuss the relationships among the different network capacity models and suggest some conditions in the practices of traffic planning or tragic management.
出处
《管理工程学报》
CSSCI
2007年第2期84-88,共5页
Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(50678037)
国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2006CB705500)
关键词
交通网络
OD结构
网络容量
路段容量
城市道路
traffic network
origin-destination flow pattern
network capacity
road capacity
