摘要
目的了解广州市结核病的流行现状及危害程度,评价广州市结核病防治措施,为制定广州市2006至2010年结核病防治规划提供科学依据。方法采用整群随机和按人口比例抽样方法,抽样人口比例为1:158。广州市应有流行病学调查点为24个,平均每个调查点的应检人数为1656人。对调查点0～14岁儿童进行结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物试验,询问其卡介苗接种史并检查卡痕;对结核菌素反应≥10 mm,或虽<10 mm 但伴有水疱等强反应的儿童和≥15岁应检人口进行 X 线胸透;对疑有肺结核症状者、X 线胸透有异常阴影及已知肺结核患者均拍摄胸部 X 线片;对 X 线胸透异常及疑有肺结核症状者进行痰涂片和痰培养检查,对培养阳性的标本进行菌种鉴定。结果广州市活动性肺结核患病率为201/10万,涂阳肺结核患病率为33/10万,菌阳肺结核患病率为43/10万;14岁以下儿童中未发现活动性肺结核患者,15～50岁组活动性肺结核患病率为72.5/10万～176.8/10万,80岁以上达高峰,以老年男性最高(2341/10万);已知活动性肺结核、涂阳和菌阳肺结核分别为35.0%(28/80)、61.5%(8/13)和47.1%(8/17);初治活动性肺结核、涂阳和菌阳肺结核分别为81.3%(65/80)、69.2%(9/13)和58.8%(10/17);55岁以上组的复治活动性肺结核患者占80.0%。结论广州市的结核病患病率仍较高,老年菌阳肺结核仍较多。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological trend of tuberculosis, and therefore to provide information for the Guangzhou Tuberculosis Control Program 2006 to 2010. Methods Random population sampling and proportion sampling were used with a sample to population ratio of 1 to 158. There were 24 investigation sites in Guangzhou, and in each site 1656 people should be studied. For children 0 - 14 years old, tuberculin testing was carried out, the BCG inoculation history was obtained and the BCG scar was checked. Fluoroscopy was carried out for population aged 15 years or older and for children with a tuberculin reaction ≥10 mm or 〈 10 mm but with blister formation. Chest X-ray film, sputum smear and culture were performed for those with an abnormal fluoroscopy or with symptoms suggesting tuberculosis （ persistent cough for 3 weeks or more）. Results The prevalence of active pulmonary tuberculosis was 201/ 100 000, the prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 33/100 000, and the prevalence of bacteriological positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 43/100 000 in Guangzhou. No active pulmonary tuberculosis was found in children younger than 14 years. The prevalence of active pulmonary tuberculosis was 72. 5/100 000 - 176. 8/100 000 in the population 15 -50 years old, and was the highest in the population older than 80 years. The prevalence was highest in old males （2341/100 000）. The rates of active pulmonary tuberculosis, smear positive and culture positive tuberculosis were 35. 0%, 61.5% and 47. 1% respectively. The rates of first-time treatment active pulmonary tuberculosis, smear positive and culture positive tuberculosis were 81.3%, 69.2% and 58. 8%, respectively. The re-treatment active pulmonary tuberculosis in the group older than 55 years was 80. 0% （X2 =2. 4123, P 〉0. 05）. Conehlsion The epidemic of tuberculosis is still serious in Guangzhou, and smear positivity was high in old patients.
出处
《中华结核和呼吸杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第6期415-418,共4页
Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
关键词
结核
流行病学
抽样研究
LTuberculosis
Epidemiology
Sampling studies
