摘要
对苹果属植物 44个种类叶片酯酶同工酶酶谱的分析表明 ,在 1 6种酶谱类型中 ,台湾林檎、尖嘴林檎、滇池海棠和沧江海棠均为 Ea型 ,其主要酶带 E 34,38,40 广泛存在于苹果属植物中 ,推测 Ea型酶谱应是苹果属植物最原始基因型的次级反应。在苹果系中 ,新疆野苹果、东方苹果和森林苹果 3个野生种为不同的Est谱型 ,栽培种的特征带是 E 39。山荆子系与三叶海棠系的种间有相同的酶谱 ,亲缘关系密切。山楂海棠与意大利海棠同属 En型。褐海棠的酶谱虽为 Em型 ,但归入陇东海棠仍不合适。绿苹果组多数种缺 E 34,38,40 号酶带 ,其中扁果海棠有 E 38带 ,证明它是花冠海棠与苹果的杂交种。三裂叶海棠的酶谱独特 ,值得进一步研究。
Using PAGE (polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis), 16 phenotypes of estarase activity identified in leaf extracts of 44 Malus species were analyzed. M.formosona, M.milliana, M.yunnanensis and M.ombrophila were shown to have the Ea phenotype, whose main bands EⅡ 34,38,40 were widely found in Malus species, suggesting that Ea phenotype should be the secondary reaction of most primitive genotypes. In Ser. Pumila, three wild species, M.sieversii, M.orientalis and M.sylvestris, exhibited different esterase bands, and the band characteristic of the cultivated species of the same series was EⅡ 39 . The interspecies of Ser. Baccatae and Ser. Sieboldiane had identical bands, indicating their close relationship. En phenotype was found in two species (M.komarovii and M.florentina) of different series. Em existed in M.fusca. However, it seems inappropriate to include it in the same category as M.kansuensis. Most species in Sect. Chloromeles had no EⅡ 34,38,40 bands while M.platycarpa had EⅡ 38 band, confirming the presumption that it is a hybrid species between M.coronaria and M.pumila. The bands of M.trilobata were unique and worth further study. Based on the results above, the classification position and evolution of some species of Malus are discussed.
出处
《西南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
1997年第2期105-111,共7页
Journal of Southwest Agricultural University
关键词
苹果树
酯酶
同功酶
亲缘关系
Malus
esterases isoenzymes
genetic relation
