摘要
为找出华南双季早稻和晚稻的氮素养分消耗量（即生产1 kg稻谷植株所吸收的氮素的克数,CN）,评价施氮量、施氮时期以及光照和温度等气象因子对CN的影响,20012-005年以杂交稻为材料进行5年7季田间试验。结果表明：1）施氮量和施氮时期对杂交稻CN有显著影响,CN随着施氮量的增加而提高;施用穗粒肥使CN显著提高,而施用基肥和分蘖肥对CN的影响不显著;2）稻谷产量与CN呈开口向下的抛物线关系,在一定条件下,最适CN的产量最高,最适CN与结实期日照时数成正比,结实期光照条件不良,是早稻最适CN低于晚稻的主要原因;3）综合本研究及以往研究结果,初步确定在常年气候条件下华南双季杂交稻CN参数值为早季19,晚季21,可根据目标产量或结实期日照时数对CN参数进一步优化。
Nitrogen consumption （CN）, i.e. grams of nitrogen absorbed by plant for producing 1 kg grain yield, is one of the key parameters in determining fertilizer-N rate. The objectives of this paper were ： 1 ） to investigate the CN for early and late season rice in south China; and 2） to evaluate the effects of N rate, timing and climatic factors such as light and temperature on CN. Seven field experiments were conducted during 2001 - 2005 and CN of double-season hybrid rice in South China was evaluated. The results showed that： 1） CN was significantly affected by fertilizer-N rate and timing. CN increased as N rate increased. Applying N during panicle initiation and grain filling stage resulted in significantly greater CN, while N applied as basal or during tillering had little effect on CN. 2） There was a quadratic relationship between grain yield and CN, with an optimum CN at a certain condition. Optimum CN is positively related with sunshine hours during grain-filling stage. Low optimum CN resulted mainly from the low light intensity during grain-filling for early season rice. 3） Based on the results obtained in this study and those in the literature, the average CN was 19 and 21 for early and late season hybrid rice for normal years in south China, respectively. The CN parameter can be improved using target yield or sunshine hours during grain-filling stage.
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第4期569-576,共8页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
广东省科技专项(2005A20402001
2006A20303002)
国际水稻研究所(IRRI)合作项目(DPPC2004-30)
广东省自然科学基金(04002089)
农业部948项目(2003-Z53)资助
