摘要
应用显微与超微技术研究了大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)初孵仔鱼至60日龄幼鱼免疫器官——头肾、胸腺与脾脏的发育.结果表明,免疫器官原基出现的先后顺序是头肾、脾脏和胸腺.3日龄仔鱼出现头肾原基,原始造血干细胞最早被发现于头肾,很快分化成不同类型的细胞.4日龄仔鱼出现脾脏原基和胸腺原基.脾脏靠近内脏,含大量窦状隙,有丰富的毛细血管、血细胞与血小板.胸腺是最迟出现的淋巴器官,但发育较快.胸腺位于鳃腔背上角,主要由胸腺细胞(淋巴细胞)和上皮细胞组成,分为外区和内区,二者虽没有明显界限,但容易区分.免疫器官出现小淋巴细胞顺序是胸腺、头肾和脾脏;淋巴组织的发育相对滞后.在大黄鱼仔鱼早期发育阶段,非特异性免疫系统起着重要作用.
A histological and ultrastructural study was made for the development of the head kidney, thymus and spleen in the P. crocea ,prepared from hatching to the 60 day after hatching（DAH）. Head kidney was the first present on the 3rd DAH. Primordial haemopoietic stem cells were first observed in the head kidney and rapidly differentiate into different cellular types. Progenitor spleen was present on the 4th DAH,located close to the gut, soon becoming rich in blood capillaries, red blood cells and thrombo- cytes. The thymus presented obviously on the 4^th DAH , located on either side of the upper corner of the opercular cavity, closely under the membrance of the opercuhr cavity. The thymus was the last lymphoid organ appearing but showed a quickly development. This organ seemed to be originated from haemopoietic stem cells migrating from the head region of the kidney. The thymus consisted of outer thymocytic and inner epithelioid zones. There was no obvious demarcation between them , but both zones were visible. Small lymphocytes appeared or Lymphoid organs become lymphoid in the sequence thymus, head kidney and spleen. A small number of lymphocytes appeared only in the later stages. Non-specific systems may play an important role in the immunocompetence mechanisms of the P. crocea during early development stage.
出处
《海洋学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第3期105-113,共9页
基金
国家863计划(2002AA603021
2004AA001180
2004AA623010)资助项目
关键词
大黄鱼
淋巴器官
早期发育
Pseudosciaena crocea
immune organs
development
ontogeny
