摘要
从水分子偶极转向极化和离子迁移运动两个方面分析了电场对生物溶液相变过程的影响。电场作用下产生的水分子偶极转向极化,使定向在电场方向上的水分子具有最稳定的状态,并且水分子沿电场方向上的麦克斯韦-波尔兹曼能量分布函数具有最大值,电场效应具有诱发冰核形成和抑制冰晶生长的作用。电场作用下产生的离子迁移运动,扰乱了水分子排列结构,改变了水分子的运动状态,造成了溶液内部电荷密度变化,对冰晶生长具有强烈的抑制作用。
Effect of electric field on phase transformation of biologic solution was discussed, which included the dipole polarization of water molecule and ion disturbing. As water molecule were polarized under electric field, its electrical dipole moment got in the most stable state along the direction of electric field, furthermore Bohzmann energy statistical distribution function of water molecule along electric field was in maximum. In the case, ice nucleus could be induced during primary freezing process and ice formation could be suppressed during ice crystal growing process. On the other hand, as ion disturbing, water molecule arraying structures and states were disturbed, inner charge density distributions were changed, so ice formation could be suppressed significantly.
出处
《低温工程》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第4期19-23,共5页
Cryogenics
基金
国家自然科学基金(50307005)资助项目
关键词
电场
转向极化
离子扰动
相变
electric field
dipole polarization
ion disturbing
phase transformation
