摘要
目的:体育锻炼的前因及其激发的问题被列为锻炼心理学要回答的4个核心问题之一。控制源作为一个重要的心理因素,与健康行为有着密切的关系,研究控制源与锻炼行为的关系,对个体的身心健康和良好生活方式的养成有非常积极的意义。资料来源:应用计算机检索EBSCO-PsyInfo,PsyArticle,PsyBSC(心理学数据库)1980-01/2006-06期间的相关文章,检索词为"Locus of Control,physical exercise",并限定文章语言种类为English,同时计算机检索CNKI数据库和万方数据库1980-01/2006-06期间相关文章,检索词为"心理控制源,锻炼行为,关系"并限定文章语言种类为中文,并手工检阅1980-01/2006-06相关的专著。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取有关研究体育锻炼和心理因素的关系以及有关应用的文献,着重筛取体育锻炼中心理控制源影响作用的研究,对剩余文献开始查找全文,与此同时,注重对有关体育锻炼的实证研究进行了梳理和归纳。纳入标准:①被试抽样:随机,抽样方法。②实验设立对照组。③实验过程:对实验组施加的影响。④对实验结果的分析:数据统计方法。排除标准:重复研究。资料提炼:共检索到文献64篇,有29篇是关于心理控制源和体育锻炼的实证研究,其中17篇符合纳入标准,被排除的12篇中有5篇因系重复的同一研究,7篇被试选择不具代表性;24篇为综述和书籍文献,共纳入41篇。资料综合:①体育锻炼能有效地增进身体健康和心理健康,促使人们采取更有益的生活方式,进而会影响到公众的健康。然而还是有很多人不能坚持参加锻炼。②国内外学者对心理控制源的已有的研究主要集中在6个方面,心理控制源结构的研究及心理控制源量表的修订和编制,心理控制源作用机制的研究,心理控制源的个体差异研究,心理控制源的跨文化研究,心理控制源的相关研究,心理控制源的干预及干预成效研究。③控制源与身体锻炼关系的研究主要集中控制源与锻炼行为之间是否存在关系、控制源与锻炼行为关系的中介变量、控制源与锻炼行为产生影响的机制。结论:当前锻炼心理学领域中有关控制源与锻炼行为关系的研究国内外涉及不多,该领域的未来研究方向将着重以下4个方面:控制源评价方法的改进;从不同的理论角度进行分析;关注该领域研究的本土化;加强对控制源的干预研究。
OBJECTIVE： The reason of physical exercise and the problems it stimulated is regarded as one of the four key problems in exercise psychology. Locus of control as one important psychological factor has close relationship with health behaviors. Therefore, the research on the correlation between locus of control and physical exercise is significant to cultivate physical and mental health and good lifestyle.
DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search of EBSCO-Psylnfo, PsyArticle and PsyBSC databases was undertaken to identify the related articles published in English between January 1980 and June 2006 with the key words of ＂Locus of control, physical exercise＂. Meanwhile, we searched the CNKI database and Wanfang database for the related Chinese articles published between January 1980 and June 2006 with the key words of ＂locus of control, physical exercise, relationship＂ in Chinese. Finally, the related monographs published between January 1980 and June 2006 were searched manually.
STUDY SELECTION： The data were selected firstly to choose the articles about the association between physical exercise and psychological factors and the application, especially the research about the effect of psychological control locus in physical exercise. The full text was looked over; meanwhile, the researches about physical exercise were arranged. Inclusive criteria： ①sampling of subjects： Randomized sampling; ②control group was set up in the experiment; ③experiment process： intervention to the experiment; ④result analysis： Statistical analysis. Exclusive criteria： repetitive research.
DATA EXTRACTION： Totally 64 articles were collected, and 29 about psychological locus of control and physical exercise, of which 17 ware in accordance with the inclusive criteria. Twelve articles were eliminated including 5 repetitive researches and 7 without typical subjects; there were 24 review articles and books, and finally, 41 ones were included.
DATA SYNTHESIS： ①Physical exercise could effectively enhance the physical and mental health, promote better life style and finally influence the public health. However, there are many people who could not insist on exercise. ②The researches on the psychological locus of control at home and abroad mainly cover 6 aspects： Research on the structure of psychological locus of control and complication of control locus scale; research on the action mechanism of psychological locus of control; research on the individual differences in locus of control; research on cross-cultural control locus; related research of control locus and research on the intervention and effect of control locus. ③Research on the correlation between locus of control and physical exercise mainly discuss whether there is relationship between them, the mediator variable of them and the mechanism of the effect of control locus and physical exercise.
CONCLUSION： At present, there are few researches about the relationship of locus of control with physical exercise in the exercise psychology field, which will emphasize the following four aspects in future： improvement of evaluation of control locus; analysis from different theoretical aspects; native research in this field and intervention on locus of control.
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第39期7970-7973,共4页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
