摘要
目的:比较同样具有软坚散结消瘿的富碘中药昆布和非富碘中药夏枯草对甲状腺功能和形态影响的区别。方法:将碘缺乏Wistar大鼠随机分为模型对照组、常规剂量昆布组、3倍剂量昆布组、夏枯草组4组。正常对照组:普通饮食,双蒸水;模型对照组:低碘饮食,双蒸水。固相免疫放射分析法(IRMA)测大鼠血清促甲状腺激素(TSH),放射免疫分析法(RIA)测血清总T4(TT4)、总T3(TT3)、反T3(rT3)和甲状腺内TT3。砷铈分光光度法测定尿碘。光、电镜下观察甲状腺形态,图像分析仪测量滤泡上皮细胞高度和滤泡腔面积。结果:予处理因素28天时,与模型对照组比,常规剂量、3倍剂量昆布血清TT3值明显增加P<0.001,P<0.01,TT4值明显增加,TSH值明显降低P均<0.01,甲状腺组织TT3值明显增加P<0.01。常规剂量昆布rT3值明显增加P<0.05,3倍剂量昆布rT3值无明显差异。与正常对照组比,常规剂量昆布血清TT3值明显增加P<0.01,3倍剂量昆布血清TT3值,TT4值明显增加P均<0.001,TSH值明显降低P<0.05,血清rT3值明显增加P<0.01。与模型对照组比,常规剂量、3倍剂量昆布甲状腺相对重量恢复P均<0.001。滤泡腔面积明显增大,滤泡上皮细胞高度明显降低P均<0.001。滤泡腔内充满胶质,巨滤泡形成,界限清楚,间质极少。上皮细胞内质网扩张,微绒毛减少,染色体浓集,溶酶体增多。与正常对照组比,常规剂量、3倍剂量昆布甲状腺相对重量明显增加P均<0.01。滤泡腔面积明显增大,滤泡上皮细胞高度明显降低P<0.01。与模型对照组比,夏枯草组血清TT3值明显增加,TSH值明显降低,P<0.001。与正常对照组比,夏枯草组血清TT3值明显增加P<0.01,TSH值明显降低,甲状腺组织TT3值明显增加,血清rT3值明显增加P<0.001。与模型对照组比,夏枯草组甲状腺相对重量恢复,滤泡上皮细胞高度明显降低,滤泡腔面积明显增加P<0.001。部分滤泡融合形成巨滤泡,超微结构基本相同。与正常对照组比,夏枯草组甲状腺相对重量明显增加,滤泡腔面积明显增大P<0.001。滤泡上皮细胞高度明显降低,P<0.01。与常规剂量昆布比,夏枯草组血清TT3值增加,TT4值降低,TSH值增加,但组间比较差异无显著性。甲状腺组织TT3值明显降低P<0.001,滤泡上皮细胞高度明显降低,滤泡腔面积明显增加P均<0.001。甲状腺相对重量减低,但无显著差异性。结论:常规剂量、3倍剂量昆布和夏枯草均致碘缺乏大鼠甲状腺功能亢进,常规剂量昆布随着剂量增加甲亢程度严重,夏枯草与昆布相比甲亢程度轻微。均使肿大的甲状腺不完全恢复,富碘昆布使肿大甲状腺恢复好于夏枯草。常规剂量、3倍剂量昆布抑制和破坏大部分甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞,同时使小部分滤泡增生,夏枯草损伤较轻微。
Objective ： To make a comparative research on the effect of Kelp and Prunella vulgaris on the thyroid function and morphology in iodine deficient rats. Methods ： Iodine - deficient Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups ： model control group, conventional dosage Kelp group,3 times of dosage Kelp group,Prunella vulgaris group. Normal control group：ordinary diet and double distilled water （DDW）was fed while model control group was fed with low iodine diet （LID） and DDW. Sermn thyroid -stimulating hormone（TSH） was measured with radioimmunoassay（RIA） and sermn totalT4 （TT4 ）, TT3, reverseT3 （rT3 ） and thyroid TT4 with RIA . Ger- Arsenite colormetric method was used to measure median urinary iodine（MUI）. Thyroid morphological changes were observed under optical and electronic microscope. Metamorphic imaging system was used to measure the height of thyrocytes and the areas of thyroid follicular cavities. Results ： 28 days after being treated with the above processing factors, compared with model control group, serum TT3 values in conventional dosage, 3 times of dosage Kelp obviously increased, P 〈 0.001 and P 〈 0.01 respectively, serum TT4 value obviously increased, serum TSH value obviously reduced ,both P 〈 0.01 ,Thyroid TF3value obviously increasd, P 〈0.01. Serum rT3 value of conventional dosage Kelp group obviously increased, P 〈0.001 ,while serum rT3 value in 3 times of dosage Kelp group did not have obvious difference. When compared with normal group , serum TT3 value of conventional dosage Kelp group obviously increased, P 〈0.01. serum TT3 and TT4 value of 3 times of dosage Kelp group obviously increased ,both P 〈 0. 001. Serum TSH value obviously reduced, P 〈 0.05. Serum rT3 value obviously increased, P 〈 0.01. When compared with model control group, thyroid gland relative weight of conventional dosage ,3 times of dosage Kelp groups obviously reduced, both P 〈 0.01, The follicle cavity areas obviously increased, the height of follicle epitheh- al cell reduced markedly, P 〈 0.001. The follicle cavities were filled with the colloid, great follicles were formed. The boundary of the follicle cavities was clear,the components between follicles were extremely few. Endoclasmic retitulum was expanded,microvilli reduced,the chromosome enriched, and the number of lysosomes increased. Compared with normal group ,thyroid gland relative weight of conventional dosage, 3 times of dosage Kelp groups obviously increased, P 〈0.01. The follicle cavity areas obviously increased, the height of follicle epithelial cells obviously reduced, P 〈 0.001. Compared with model control group, serum TT3 value of Prunella vulgaris group obviously increased, serum TSH value obviously reduced, P 〈 0. 001, Compared with normal control group, serum TT3 value of Prunella vulgaris group obviously increased,TSH value obviously reduced, P 〈0. 001, Thyroid gland TT3 value obviously increasd, P 〈0.01, serum rT3 value obviously increasd, P 〈0.01. Compared with model control group , thyroid gland relative weight of Prunella vulgaris group obviously reduced, P 〈 0.001, The height of follicle epithelial cell obviously reduced, Follicle cavities area obviously increasd, P 〈0.001. Compared with model control group , thyroid gland relative weight of Prunella vulgarls obviously increasd P 〈0.001. Follicle cavities area obviously increased, P 〈0.001. The height of follicle epithelial cells obviously reduced, P 〈 0.01. Compared with the conventional Kelp, serum TT3 value of Prunella vulgarls group increased, TT4 value reduced, TSH value increasd, but without any significant difference. Thyroid gland TT3 value obviously reduced, P 〈 0. 001, the follicle cavities areas obviously increased, the height of follicle epithelial cell obviously reduced, P 〈0. 001. The thyroid gland relative weight of Prunella vulgaris group reduced but without any significant difference. Conclusion ： Both the conventional dosage, 3 times of dosage Kelp and the prunella vulgaris can lead to hyperthyroidism in iodine - deficient Wistar rats, Conventional dosage Kelp is serious,with the dosage increase, hyperthyroidism may become severe. Compared with Kelp,prunella vulgaris may lead to hyperthyroidism with a slight degree. The conventional dosage, 3 times of dosage Kelp and the prunella vulgaris can make the enlarged thyroid gland incompletely restore but Kelp had better effect. The conventional dosage, 3 times of dosage Kelp suppressed and destroyed the majority of thyroid follicle epithelial cells,while causing the proliferation of small part of follicles. The effect of prunella vulgaris is slight.
出处
《中华中医药学刊》
CAS
2007年第9期1830-1835,共6页
Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
辽宁省教育厅资助项目(202153326)
辽宁省科技厅资助项目(博士启动20031039)
关键词
富碘中药
非富碘中药
甲状腺
功能和形态
碘缺乏
Chinese herbs with iodine excess
Chinese herbs with non - iodine excess
thyroid gland
functlon and morphology
Iodine - deficiency.
