摘要
目的：分析我国高龄老人的心理状况及其影响因素。方法：依据北京大学老龄健康与家庭研究中心2002年中国老年人健康长寿调查数据库,分析高龄老人的心理状况及其影响因素。结果：大多数高龄和低龄老人（65.9%-98.9%,中位数93.1%）心理状况的评分在一般及以上,其中生活满意度的评分随增龄呈增高趋势,心理特点的评分随增龄明显下降。受教育程度高、居住在城市、主要经济来源靠自己或配偶的退休金以及住养老院的高龄老人生活满意度和心理特点的评分相对较高（平均分〉3.82,F=34.19-190.88,P〈0.001）,男性的心理特点评分高于女性（3.75±0.58/3.59±0.59,F=151.04,P〈0.001）,与配偶同住者的心理特点评分高于无配偶同住者（3.81±0.57/3.62±0.59,F=139.66,P〈0.001）。对于三个方面社会支持,来自社会工作者的高龄老人生活满意度评分最高（平均分为3.82-3.91,F=46.99-71.49,P〈0.001）,社会支持主要来自于配偶的高龄老人心理特点评分最高（平均分为3.82-3.85,F=29.31-42.55,P〈0.001）。结论：当前我国大多数高龄老人的心理状况较好,人口学变量和社会支持等是影响高龄老人心理状况的重要因素。
Objective： To analyze mental status of the oldest-old in China and its related factors. Method： A large data set derived from Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey in 2002 was analyzed, which including 11, 175 oldest-old （aged 80 and above） and4, 845 young-old （aged 65 to 79） . Results： The average rating scores of life satisfaction and mental characteristics in Chinese oldest-old were well above the neutral level （65.9% -98.9%, with median of 93.1% ） . The life satisfaction slightly increased with age, while the scores of mental characteristics decreased with age apparently. Both life satisfaction and mental characteristics were better for elderly with well-educated, residence in city, main financial source from pension, and living in elderly room （ F = 34. 19 - 190. 88, P 〈 0. 001 ） . Mental characteristics wee better for male elderly as compared with female elderly （ 3.75 ± 0. 58/3.59 ± 0. 59, F = 151.04, P 〈0. 001 ）, and were better for elderly living with spouse as compared with living alone （3.81±0.57/3.62-0.59, F=139.66, P〈0.001） . In addition, with spouse as compared with living alone （3.81± 0. 57/3.62 ± 0. 59, F = 139. 66, P 〈 0. 001 ） . In addition, life satisfaction was best for elderly with social supports from social workers as compared with from other sources （3.82± 3.91, F = 46. 99± 71.49, P 〈 0. 001 ）, and mental characteristics were best for dderly with social supports from family members as compared with from other sources （ 3.82 ± 3.85, F = 29.31± 42. 55, P 〈 0. 001 ） . Conclusion： The mental status of most oldest-old in China was relatively high, and its related major factors were demographic variables and social supports.
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第9期614-617,共4页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
关键词
高龄老人
心理状况
生活满意度
横断面调查
the oldest old
mental status
life satisfaction
cross-sectional study
