摘要
为了让小麦科技工作者对小麦与赤霉病菌互作的分子机制有一个全面的了解,从小麦赤霉病抗性的遗传规律、抗性基因的分子定位、互作过程中寄主相关的防卫反应基因、赤霉病菌的致病机理及抗病转基因等方面进行了综述。小麦赤霉病抗性是由2-3个主效基因和几个微效基因决定的数量性状,在3BS、5A、6BS等染色体上均发现了与赤霉病抗性相关的QTLs。其中相关的分子标记可以直接用于小麦抗赤霉病的分子标记辅助选择。运用双向电泳、cDNA文库构建、抑制差减杂交文库构建等方法已经分离到很多受赤霉病菌诱导的抗病相关蛋白（或基因）,如：-β1,3-葡聚糖酶、病程相关蛋白、细胞色素P450及几丁质酶基因等。通过小麦转基因,已经获得了小麦对赤霉病菌的初步抗性。但是这种抗性只是在一定程度上减轻或延迟赤霉病菌的侵染,而最直接的小麦抗赤霉病基因还有待于发掘和验证。
Wheat Fusarium head blight （FHB）, caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, is a widespread and destructive disease in wheat worldwide. In this paper, the molecular mechanisms for wheat and Fusarium graminearum interaction in recent years were reviewed as follows： inheritance, QTLs （quantitative trait loci）, the responses at gene level of FHB resistance, in addition FHB resistance improvements in wheat by transgenic technique. The FHB resistance of wheat is quantitative trait controlled by two （or three） major loci and some minor. QTLs associated with FHB resistance have been mainly mapped on chromosome 3BS, 5A, 6BS, of which some markers could be utilized for marker assisted selection of the resistant lines directly. Some pathogenesis-related proteins （genes） such as 13-1,3-glueanases, cytochrome P450, chitinases have been identified by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and/or suppression subtractive hybridization. Some genes have been confirmed to delay or alleviate the FHB infection by the transformation wheat. However, the resistance acquired through transgene is minimal and not stable in fields test, and more works should be done untill the direct FHB resistant genes in wheat could be found and confirmed.
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第5期934-938,共5页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
江苏省农科院博士后基金项目(6510610)
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2006563)
关键词
小麦
赤霉病
基因定位
QTL
转基因
Wheat
Fusarium head blight
Gene mapping
QTL
Transgene
