摘要
红树林是热带地区主要的海岸生境之一,不断受到各种人为压力的威胁,导致生态环境严重恶化。由于全球温室气体的排放,预计到2100年,全球大气温度每隔10年将上升0.3℃,海平面上升6mm。气候变化造成的海平面上升(Sea Level Rise,SLR)对只生长在湖间带的红树林构成了严重的威胁。红树林生态生物过程的改变会加速湖间带和湖上带向陆地方向的移动,从而导致原有的生态环境发生变化。海洋近陆边缘的限制使海平面垂直上升,易引发洪涝灾害并最终破坏红树林生境及其生物。本文就气候变化和海平面上升对印度次大陆红树林生境造成的影响及其相关问题展开研究,并建议进行综合的长期监测。
Mangroves,a predominant coastal habitat in the tropics,are constantly threatened by various anthropogenic pressures that are deteriorating the mangroves to a great extent.Global emissions of greenhouse gases are likely to raise the world temperature and the sea level at the rate of 0.38C and 6 mm 10 y^(-1) by the year 2100.Mangrove habitats would be more vulnerable to climatic changes and resultant sea level rise (SLR) because of their unique location at the interface of the sea.By altering ecobiological processes,the intertidal and supratidal zones may extend further inland, resulting in changes in the existing ecological setup.The limitation of the landward margin would cause vertical rise,resulting in water-logging and ultimately killing the mangroves and dependent biota.The present document describes mangrove habitats and related issues from the Indian subcontinent in the context of climate variations and SLR,and recommends integrated long-term monitoring.
