摘要
快速起动是鱼类重要的一种机动能力，有助于鱼类的逃逸和捕食。快速起动通常分为C形起动和S形起动两种模式。本文利用数字式高速摄像机定量地研究了斑马鱼从低速巡游状态做出捕食反应的运动过程。通过分析斑马鱼的运动图像，发现S形起动过程大体可以分解为三个阶段：第一阶段，斑马鱼的头部和尾部都迅速向相同的一个体侧方向转动，整个身体近似弯曲反写的S型。第二阶段，斑马鱼的头部转向捕食方向，尾部摆动1～2个周期，整个身体近似成S型。第三阶段整个鱼体逐渐恢复平直形态，其前端2／3的部分不再摆动，维持一种类似在水中滑翔的游动姿态。本文定量分析了各个阶段鱼体躯干曲线的形状，给出了鱼体的速度分布，并定性地解释了S形起动的力学机理。
Fast-start is an important maneuver capability for most fish to escape from predators and for some fish to capture prey. The fast-starts can be divided in to two main types： C-start and S-start. In this paper, the distance-time performance in prey response of Zebra Danio （Danio rerio ） was investigated by employing a high-speed digital video camera （1000Hz）. Examination of filmed sequences of Zebra Danio shows that the S-start process includes three stages, distinguished by different movements of the fish body and the caudal fin. The curved figures of backbone of fish in all stages are given in the paper. Distribution of the velocity and acceleration along the backbone of fish are obtained. Then, the whole S-start process is qualitatively analyzed from the point of view of hydrodynamics.
出处
《实验力学》
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第5期519-526,共8页
Journal of Experimental Mechanics
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(10332040)
中国科学院知识创新工程重要研究方向项目(KJCX-SW-L04)
关键词
斑马鱼
机动
S形起动
高速摄影
Zebra Danio （Danio rerio）
maneuver
S-start
high-speed digital video
