摘要
以活动论构造观为指导,尽可能客观地复原地史期间海陆面貌和盆山格局的关键是在给定时间约束之后,于研究区现存的地质记录中发现业已消失了的和后期才出现的构造古地理单元。文章基于大量实例论述了可能导致构造古地理单元消失和后期出现的各种情况,如大陆地块的解体、沉没、俯冲、剥蚀、冲断—推(滑)覆作用、走滑作用、碎裂和被卷入年轻造山带等,特别提出东亚大陆边缘地区自侏罗纪末开始的移置地体拼贴增生是该区的一大特点。构造古地理单元消失和后期出现的发生大都与巨型断裂带(尤其是作为构造边界的巨型断裂带)发育有关。陆内阶段的断裂带活动对盆山格局的变化、盆地发育、沉积演化及其关键地质事件有明显的控制作用,还应注意断裂带解体阶段出现的新生构造对古地理重建的制约。简言之,造山带古地理学的发展是推动构造古地理学前进的关键之一,在恢复古特提斯多岛洋的构造古地理面貌、重建全球古大陆演化尤其是造山带和经受造山运动改造地区的古大陆演化,有着积极的不可或缺的作用。
Orogen-palaeogeography is a main branch of tectonopalaeogeography. From a tectonic perspective of mobilism, it studies palaeogeographic reconstruction in orogenic areas, where the geological records have become timely unsuccessional and displaced, distorted even mixed spatially. The key to reconstruct marine-continental features and basin-range patterns in geohistory as objectively as possible is to find, within a given time constraint, the ＂disappeared＂ tectonopalaeogeographic units and the later ＂appeared＂ tectonopalaeogeographic units in the existed geological records of the studied area. Based on a large number of examples, the paper expounds various possibilities, such as continent crustal disintegration, submergence, subduction, erosion, thrusting-nappe structuring, strike-slipping, cataclasm, being evolved into younger orogenesis, etc., which might result in the ＂disappearance＂ and ＂appearance＂ of the tectonopalaeogeographic units in the study area. Specially, the East Asia continental margin is characterized by accretion of a series of moving allochthonous tectonostratigraphic terranes, which has been taking place since Late Jurassic. The occurrence of disappearance and later appearance is generally related to the development of large-scale fracture zones, especially tectonic boundary fractures. The activities of intracontinental fracture zones obviously controlled the basin-range patterns, basin development, sedimentary evolution and key geological events. In addition, it should be noticed that the neogenic structures, formed in the segmentation stage of fracture zone, constrained the palaeogeographic reconstruction. In short words, orogen-palaeogeography must be one of the key means to advance tectonopalaeogeography a positive role in restoring palaeogeographic features of the Tethyan archipelago, and reconstructing cycles of the global palaeo-continental evolution, especially regional evolution of the orogenic areas or areas reformed by orogenies.
出处
《古地理学报》
CAS
CSCD
2007年第6期635-650,共16页
Journal of Palaeogeography：Chinese Edition
关键词
造山带古地理学
构造古地理单元
盆山格局
古地理重建
orogen-palaeogeography, tectonopalaeogeographic unit, basin-range pattern, palaeogeographic reconstruction
