摘要
低平易涝地耕层土壤水分大、土质粘重冷浆、通气透水性差、释放养分能力低等不良理化性状，是障碍大豆高产稳产的主要因素。大豆三深带状耕作栽培模式，是以机械化深松旋耕整地和带状栽培相结合的技术体系，改变了生产上翻、耙、压的耕作方式，较好地解决了低平易涝地土体构造不良状况和大豆的合理群体结构。试验结果表明，三深带状耕作栽培模式提高耕层土壤温度０．８℃，降低土壤容重０．１９８ｇ／ｃｍ３，减少土壤含水量１０．１％，分别提高速效氮、磷、钾１９．２％、５８．９％、３６．７％，非毛管孔隙与毛管孔隙之比由１∶３．１５改善为１∶１．６６；大豆叶面积指数增加３２．３％，并表现出指数增长期较短、很快进入直线增长期、稳定期较长和衰亡期较短的良好发育动态。大豆籽粒产量三年平均增产１５．１％，增产幅度为１３．７～１６．０％。
The poor physical and chemical features of the topsoil in waterlogged and flat lowland are the major obstacle factors for high and stable soybean yield. The model of tri-deepness and banding-type tillage and cultivation is a comprehensive technique systme which consisted of deep loosing, rotary tillage, soil preparation and banding-type cultivation, which changed the traditional tillage pattern and was suitable to soybean population structure in waterlogged and flat lowland. The experimental results showed that the model of tri-deepness and banding-type tillage and cultivation rose topsoil temperature by 0.8℃, lowered soil unit weight by 0.198%g/cm 3, decreased water content by 10.1%, increased available N、P and K by 19.2%,58.9% and 36.7% respectively. The ratio of non-capillary cavity and capillary cavity was changed from 1∶3.15 to 1∶1.66; The LAI of soybean increased by 32.3% and grain yield increased by 15.1% for three years.
出处
《大豆科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1997年第3期187-193,共7页
Soybean Science
关键词
低平易涝地
大豆
三深带状
栽培
Waterlogged and flat lowland
Soybean
Tri-depth and banding-type
