摘要
目的:分析四川省视力残疾(盲和低视力)的数量、结构、地区分布及致残原因等情况。方法:根据第2次全国残疾人抽样调查方案,采取分层、多阶段、整群、概率比例抽样。调查38个县市,152个乡镇/街道,304个小区,40351户人家,总人口125641人。男62735人,占49.93%;女62906人,占50.07%。城市38125人,占30.34%;农村87516人,占69.66%。结果:共调查出盲人966人(0.77%),低视力1513人(1.20%);低视力与盲目比为1.56。导致视力残疾的首要原因是白内障(占55.71%),第2位为视网膜疾病(占9.52%)、第3位为角膜病(占6.49%)、第4、5位分别是视神经疾病与遗传、先天发育异常,分别占6.01%和4.72%;其余依次为青光眼(第6位,3.87%)、屈光不正(第7位,3.19%)、外伤(第8位,2.66%)、其他(第9位,2.62%)、沙眼(第10位,1.86%),弱视(第11位,1.74%),原因不明(第12位,1.33%),中毒居末位,占0.28%。视力残疾人随年龄的增长而逐渐递增,特别是从50岁开始明显增高(占视力残疾17.42%),70岁以上达最高(占44.81%)。农村的视力残疾发病率(2.22%)明显高于城市(1.4.0%)。结论:四川省的防盲治盲工作重点首位是老年性疾病(老年性白内障、老年性视网膜病变等),其次依次是防止视网膜疾病、角膜病、视神经疾病、遗传性疾病、青光眼、屈光不正和外伤等。工作的重心应放在农村。
AIM： To study and analyze the visual disability group （the blindness and low vision） of Sichuan Province, including the regional distribution, quantity, structure and causes. METHODS： According to the second national sampling survey of the disabled, our sampling was carried out by means of multi-level, multi-phase, whole group and probability. We investigated 38 counties/cities, 152 towns, 304 communities, 40 351 households, total 125 641 people （ male 62 735, account for 49.93% ; female 62 906 , 50.07%. urban people 38 125, account for 30.34% ; rural people 87 516, 69.66% ）. RESULTS： There are 966 （0.77%） blind persons while 1 513 low-vision （1.20%） people; the proportion of low-vision to blindness is 1. 56. The main cause of visual disability is cataract （55. 71%）, which ranks the first; retinopathy （9.52%） is the second while corneal disease （6.49%） is the third. The others are as follows： optic nerve disease （ 4th, 6.01% ）, hereditary/congenital （ 5th, 4.72% ）, glaucoma（6th, 3.87%）, ametropia （7th, 3.19% ）, trauma （ 8th, 2. 66%）, miscellaneous （9th, 2. 62%）, trachoma （10th, 1. 86%）, amblyopia （11th, 1. 74%）, unknown（12th, 1.33%） and toxication （ranksthe last, 0.28%）. The number of people suffering visual disability is increasing with the increase of age, especially the group over 50 years old （occupying 17. 42% of visual disability）, while the group over 70 years old （44.81%） is of the highest proportion in visual disability. The majority of visual disability are farmers living in the countryside. The incidence of visual disability in rural area （2.22%） is markedly higher than that in city （1.40%）. CONCLUSION： The main cause of visual disability is senile eye disease （senile cataract, age-related retinal diseases , etc）. The focus of blindness prevention should be put in the rural area.
出处
《国际眼科杂志》
CAS
2007年第6期1652-1654,共3页
International Eye Science
基金
中国四川省第二次全国残疾人抽样调查办公室合作项目(No.303005002164)~~
关键词
视力残疾
低视力
防肓
visual disability
low vision
prevention of blindness
