摘要
目的:了解广西大学生营养和健康状况的影响因素及其分布规律,探索青春发育突增期肥胖型和偏瘦型学生体质形态学特征的成因、发生规律。方法:⑴调查对象:为保证样本(调查对象)的同质性、科学性和代表性,于2005-11/2006-05通过完全随机抽取8所大学8529名学生体质测试指标,在此基础上对指标进行筛选抽取,纳入标准:①调查对象父母的籍贯必须是广西壮族自治区。②身体健康,测试时无急性疾病。③经医院检查均无心脏、肺脏疾病史,血压正常,无传染病。④获全面知情同意。⑤监测样本含量不低于100人。⑥体质量指数≤18.5kg/m2或体质量指数≥28kg/m2。排除标准:身体发育异常、残缺或畸形。符合纳入标准143人。⑵调查方法:①文献资料法:依据研究目的和内容,查阅国内、国外有关资料30余篇,并对其进行有效的检索、分析。②调查法:调查问卷的设计严格按照社会学研究规律,对所设问题通过筛选并进行信度和效度检验,采用较为科学的调查方案在广西8所大学随机抽样。最后将回收的调查问卷中存在的特殊问题又进行专题访谈。⑶对具有研究价值的143名学生的体质测试数据通过逐级加权处理,得出的各指标具有全国代表性。原始数据由MicrosoftExcel储存,并建立数据库。由第一作者采用SPSS11.5forwindows软件包进行统计学处理。结果:①对体质量指数≤18.5kg/m2或体质量指数≥28kg/m2体质形态学特征体质量比的预测公式为:yz=-21.12+1.6599x1-0.2623x2,y=-21.12+1.6599x1-0.2623x2+δ。其中学生体质量比受父亲的体质量比影响最大,其次是影响参数δ。②对体质量指数≤18.5kg/m2或体质量指数≥28kg/m2男女学生体质形态的体格营养指数体质量与y与父亲的体质量具有高度相关r1y=0.84,与母亲的体质量比呈中度相关r2y=0.50。③预测线性回归方程的平方和Q=103.26,占总平方和8.11%,回归平方和U=1170.15,已占总平方和的91.89%,检验回归方程显著性F=126.69>F0.01(2,9)=8.02,P<0.01。④对体质量指数≤18.5kg/m2或体质量指数≥28kg/m2男女学生体质形态的体格营养指数体质量比影响最大的是父亲的体质量比,其次是参数δ(即:学生的家庭病史、本人病史、营养情况、饮食习惯、家庭经济等)。结论:①非正常男女学生体质形态营养指数体质量比影响最大的是父亲的体质量比,其次是影响参数δ。②得出子女与父母的体质量比的预测线性回归方程,经实测检验具有较高的信度和效度,基本符合测量学要求。
AIM： To know about Guangxi college students＇ effect factors and distribution law on nutrition and health, and to explore the cause formation and appearing law of constitution morphological characteristics in obese and ectomorph students in growth spurting. METHODS： From November 2005 to May 2006, 8 529 college students were randomly enrolled to measure body measurement indexes from 8 universities to ensure the homogenicity, scientific feature and representativeness. Inclusive criteria included （1）their parents must live in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, （2）no acute disease, （3）no history of heart and pneumopathy, normal blood pressure and no infection disease, （4）they all signed the informed consent, （5） monitoring samples were above 100, （6） their corporeity was in body mass index （BMI）≤18.5 kg/m^2 or BMI≥28 kg/m^2. Exclusive criteria included abnormal growth, mutilation or deformity. Totally 143 samples were accorded with the inclusive criteria. （1）Documentary and literatures： According to the research aims and content, the writers read 30 correlated thesis and works at home and abroad, and analyzed them. （2）Method of investigation： Investigation questionnaire was designed according to the sociology law, and checked up its reliability and availability. Randomized sample drawing was conduced in 8 universities of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Then, the problems existed in reclaimed questionnaires were discussed. （3）The data getting from analyzing the 143 samples were representative in all country. All the original data were deposited with Microsoft Excel and analyzed with SPSS 11.5 for windows and a database was built. RESULTS： （1）The forecasting formula of corporeity quality ratio from corporeity morphological characteristics within BMI≤18.5 kg/m^2 or BMI≥28 kg/m^2 is： -↑yz= -21.12＋1.659 9^x1 -0.262 3^x2, -↑y= -21.12＋1.659 9^x1 -0.262 3^x2 ＋ δ. And in it, students＇ corporeity quality ratio （kg） / stature （m） was affected most by their fathers＇ corporeity quality ratio, then the parameter δ was the second. （2）The constitution nutrition index corporeity quality of students＇ corporeity shape （within BMI≤ 18.5 kg/m^2 or BMI≥28 kg/m^2） and y and fathers＇ corporeity quality had the trait of high correlation of r1y=0.84,and had middle correlation of r2y=0.50 with mothers＇ corporeity quality. （3）The square summation of forecasting linearity equation was Q =103.26,which was 8.11% of the general the square summation; the regress square summation was u = 1 170.15,which was 91.89% of general the square summation; the significance of checking regress equation was F = 126.69 〉 F0.01（2,9）=8.02 （P 〈 0.01）. （4）The most influence on the constitution nutrition index corporeity quality of students＇ corporeity shape （within BMI≤18.5 kg/m^2 or BMI≥28 kg/m^2） was fathers＇ corporeity quality, then was the parameter 5 （history of family disease and in person disease, nutrition, eating habit and family economy）. CONCLUSION： （1）The most influence on the constitution nutrition index corporeity quality of students＇ abnormal corporeity shape is fathers＇ corporeity quality, then is the parameter δ. （2）The forecasting linearity equation of BMI ratio of children and parent is obtained and it has high reliability and validity and met the measurement criteria.
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第49期9954-9957,共4页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
