摘要
目的了解入托儿童乙肝病毒感染状况及乙肝疫苗免疫效果，为防治工作提供依据。方法对2005～2007年共8716名入托儿童抽取静脉血，采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测乙肝两对半，调查结果用SPSS11、0进行分析。结果儿童乙肝病毒总感染率为0．28％。乙肝病毒感染率2005年、2006年、2007年分别为0、13％、0．15％、0.46％，2007年与2005年、2006年比较差异均有统计学意义（x^2=13.8075、16．7643，均P〈0.01）；男童乙肝病毒感染率为0．30％，女童为0．25％，性别间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。乙肝疫苗接种率为97、23％，全程接种率为94．62％。抗-HBs总阳性率为63．84％，2005年、2006年、2007年分别为65、48％、70．68％、57．79％，各年份间差异有统计学意义（x^2=130、9123，P〈0．01）；男童抗-HBs阳性率为62．88％，女童为64、94％，性别间差异有统计学意义（x^2=4.0067，P〈0．05）。乙肝两对半模式有12种，以抗HBs阳性模式居首位。结论入托儿童乙肝病毒感染率较低，抗-HBs阳性率较高。2007年与前两年相比，乙肝病毒感染率有所升高，抗-HBs阳性率有所下降。必须重视儿童乙肝病毒的防治工作，进一步提高儿童的乙肝疫苗接种率。
Objective To investigate status of HBV infection and anti-HBs level among kindergarten children so as to provide basis for treatment and prevention of the disease, Methods Venous blood samples of 8 716 children in kindergarten from 2005 to 2007 were taken and tested for five hepatitis B serological antigens and antibodies by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. SPSS11.0 was used to analyze the results. Results The total HBV infection rate was 0.28% among 8 716 children and the HBV infection rates in the year 2005, 2006 and 2007 were 0.13%, 0.15% and 0.46% respectively. Compared with the year 2005 and the year 2006, the HBV infection rate among kindergarten children in the year 2007 was significantly higher and there was significant difference （x^2 = 13. 8075, 16. 7643, both P 〈0.01 ）. HBV infection rates among boys and girls were 0.30% and 0.25% respectively and there was no significant difference between the two genders （P 〉0.05）. The total anti-HBs positive rate was 63.84% among 8 716 kindergarten children and the anti-HBs positive rates in the year 2005, 2006 and 2007 were 65.48%, 70.68% and 57.79% respectively and there was significant difference between the 3 years （x^2 = 130. 9123, all P 〈 0.01 ）. The Anti-HBs positive rates among boys and girls were 62.88% and 64.94% respectively （P 〈0.01 ） and there was significant difference between the two genders （x^2 = 4. 0067, P 〈 0.05 ）. There were 12 HBV infection modes observed, of which, positive Anti-HBs was the most common mode. Conclusion HBV infection rate among kindergarten children is lower and Anti-HBs positive rate is higher. Compared with the year 2005 and the year 2006, the HBV infection rate in the year 2007 is increased while Anti-HBs positive rate is declined. In prevention and treatment of hepatitis B infection among children more attention should be paid and the hepatitis B vaccine inoculation rate should be improved further.
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2008年第1期13-15,共3页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
