摘要
珊瑚礁石漂白被共生 zooxanthellae， zooxanthellae 色素沉着的损失，或两个的逐出通常描绘。我们收集了分别地，在海南岛的 Sanya 和广东省的 Daya 海湾从 Luhuitou 和 Xiaodonghai 包括礁石大楼珊瑚的 21 个类的 39 种类的 128 件样品并且分析了共生 zooxanthellae 人口密度。结果显示出那：( 1 )共生 zooxanthella 密度从 0.67x10 ( 6 )变化，显示 8.48x10 ( 6 )房间/厘米( 2 )重要内部种可变性，与通常相对有更少的 zooxanthellae 的分支珊瑚(从 0.67x10 ( 6 ) 到 2.47x10 ( 6 )房间/厘米( 2 ))比巨大的种类(从 1.0x10 ( 6 )到 8.48x10 ( 6 )房间/厘米( 2 ))；(2 ) 在 4 m 水深度以内住在的珊瑚比那些生活在底部有共生 zooxanthellae 的高水平(类似于 7 m 深度) 礁石区域；(3 ) 在在从相对高的纬度 Daya 海湾的珊瑚之间的 zooxanthellae 密度没有可辨别的差别(类似于 22 度 N ) 并且那些从相对低的纬度 Sanya (类似于 18 度 N ) 在可比较的海表面温度(SST ) ；(4 ) 在里面部分 -- 漂白珊瑚， zooxanthellae 的密度显示出下列顺序：看似健康的部分 > 漂白半的部分 > 漂白部分。基于上述结果，我们建议(1 ) 分叉之间的 zooxanthellae 密度差别和巨大的珊瑚种类是分叉的珊瑚对比巨大的珊瑚漂白更脆弱的主要原因。例如，共生 zooxanthellae 层次在分叉的 Acropora 和 Pocillopora 珊瑚并且这样是低的这些珊瑚更产生漂白和死亡；(2 ) 共生 zooxanthellae 密度能被环境条件也影响，例如沉积负担，潜水相关的混浊，和水产业相关的硝酸盐和磷酸盐输入，并且他们的增加可以在珊瑚减少共生 zooxanthellae 密度。
Coral reef bleaching is usually characterized by expulsion of symbiotic zooxanthellae, loss of zooxanthellae pigmentation, or both. We collected 128 samples comprising 39 species of 21 genera of reef-building corals from Luhuitou and Xiaodonghai in Sanya of Hainan Island and Daya Bay of Guangdong Province, respectively, and analyzed the symbiotic zooxanthellae population density. The results show that： （1） the symbiotic zooxanthella density varies from 0.67×10^6 to 8.48×10^6 cell/cm^2, displaying significant interspecies variability, with branch corals usually having relatively less zooxanthellae （ranging from 0.67×10^6 to 2.47×10^6 cell/cm^2） than massive species （from 1.0×10^6 to 8.48×10^6 cell/cm^2）; （2） corals inhabiting within 4 m water depth have higher levels of symbiotic zooxanthellae than those living at the bottom （-7 m depth） of the reef area; （3） there is no discernable difference in the zooxanthellae density between corals from relatively high latitude Daya Bay （-22°N） and those from relatively low latitude Sanya （-18°N） at comparable sea surface temperatures （SST）; （4） in partially-bleached corals, the density of zooxanthellae shows the following order： healthy-looking part〉 semi-bleached part 〉 bleached part. Based on the above results, we suggest that （1） the zooxanthellae density difference between branching and massive coral species is the main cause that branching corals are more vulnerable to bleaching than massive corals. For example, symbiotic zooxanthellae levels are low in branching Acropora and Pocillopora corals and thus these corals are more susceptible to bleaching and mortality; （2） symbiotic zooxanthellae density can also be affected by environmental conditions, such as sediment loads, diving-related turbidity, and aquaculture-related nitrate and phosphate input, and their increase may reduce symbiotic zooxanthellae density in corals.
基金
the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sci-ences (Grant No. KZCX2-YW-318)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40572102)
the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2006BAB19B03)
the Sino-Australia Special Collaboration Funds (Grant Nos. 4061120030 and CH050099)
关键词
珊瑚礁
漂白
虫黄藻密度
间种多样性
空间多样性
coral reef bleaching, zooxanthellae density, interspecies diversity, spatial diversity, northem South China Sea
