摘要
目的分析急诊重症监护病房（EICU）医院感染病原菌分布及可能原因。方法对2006年1—12月EICU医院感染患者送检标本所分离的细菌进行回顾性分析。结果分离菌株以革兰阴性细菌为主（69．7％），其次是真菌（17．2％）和革兰阳性细菌（13．1％）；革兰阴性细菌中以大肠杆菌（16．2％）、鲍曼不动杆菌（15．2％）、肺炎克雷白杆菌（12．1％）为前三位，真菌以白色念珠菌（13．1％）最多。亦分离到热带念珠菌、光滑念珠菌、曲霉菌，革兰阳性细菌主要为金黄色葡萄球菌（6．1％）和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（4．0％）；痰液分离出的菌株最多（78．8％），其次为脑脊液（5．1％）、尿液（4．0％）。结论EICU医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性细菌为主，真菌和革兰阳性细菌感染不能忽视；下呼吸道感染是最主要的医院感染；加强细菌学分布监测对及时有效地控制医院感染有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogen originating from nosocomial infection and possible causes in the emergency intensive care unit （EICU）. Methods Retrospective analysis was made to the pathogen separated from sample of the patients with nosocomial infections in EICU from January to December during 2006. Results The main nosocomial infective pathogens in the EICU were Gram negative bacilli （69.7%）, and the second and the third was fungus （ 17.2% ） and Gram positive bacteria （13.1% ） respectively. The most common Gram negative bacilli were escherichia coli （16.2 % ）, acinetobacter Baumanii（ 15.2% ） and Klebsiellar pneumonia（ 12.1% ）. The most common fungus was candida albicans （13.1% ）,candida trepicalis,candida glabrata and aspergillus were detected also. For Gram positive bacteria, the most common was staphylococcus aureus （6.1%）,and the coagulase-negative staphylococci （4.0%） was the next. The most pathogens were separated from sputum （78.8%）,anti the next two was from cerebrespinal fluid （5.1% ）and urine （4.0%）. Conclusion The main nosocomial ilffective pathogens in the EICU are Gram negative bacilli,but the fungus and Gram positive bacteria can not be neglected. The lower respiratory tract infection is the main nosocomial infection, and to intensify monitoring of the distribution of pathogen is very important for the effective control of nosocomial infections.
出处
《中国医师进修杂志（内科版）》
2008年第2期15-17,共3页
Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine
