摘要
2006年7～11月,在铜陵淡水豚国家级自然保护区半自然水域采用随机取样法和焦点动物取样法对哺乳期长江江豚母豚昼间行为和时间分配进行了研究。结果表明,母豚用于摄食的时间占61.2%;其次是母幼联系和移动,分别为18.8%和7.6%;用于休息和社会行为的时间较少,分别为6.1%和5.2%;其它行为的时间极少,仅占1.1%;摄食和母幼联系是其主要的行为。在活动规律方面,其各种行为在强度、出现和持续的时间上存在较大差异。单因素方差分析表明,在哺乳期不同阶段长江江豚母豚的母幼联系差异极显著(P<0.01),摄食和社会行为存在显著差异(P<0.05),移动、休息和其它行为则不存在显著差异(P>0.05);而此期间在不同活动区域以上各种行为均存在极显著差异(P<0.01),说明其对栖息环境具有选择性。
During July 12 to November 2 in 2006, firstly the ethogram （including feeding, mother-young interaction, moving, resting, social behavior and other activities ） of a Yangtze finless porpoise （ Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis ） mother that gave birth to a calf on July 12, 2006, was formulated with ad libitum and focal-animal sampling methods. The study took place in our semi-natural reserve which is formed by an old branch of the Yangtze River with 1.6 km in length and 80-200 m in width and located in Tongling Freshwater Porpoise National Nature Reserve, Tongling, China. Then particularly we concentrated on the diurnal time budget and behavior of the mother living there during lactation with the focal-animal sampling method. During the daytime, the mother spent 61.2% of time on feeding, 18.8% on mother-young interaction, 7.6% on moving, 6. 1% on resting, 5.2% on soclal behavior and 1. 1% on other activities. One-Way ANOVA tests indicated that difference in the accumulated diurnal times of mother-young interaction among different phases was extremely significant （P 〈0. 01 ） , difference of feeding and social behavior was significant （P 〈0. 05）, difference of moving, resting and other activities was not significant （ P 〉 0.05 ） , difference in the accumulated times of all the behaviors in different zones was extremely significant （P 〈0.01 ）. Peaks of feeding were recorded at 06 ： 30 - 17 ： 30 and moving occurred simultaneously, but the mother spent less time on feeding at 06：30 -7- 30, 09：30 - 10：30 and 14：30 - 15： 30. Peaks of mother-young interaction and resting were recorded at 06：30 -7： 30, 09：30 - 10- 30 and 14：30 - 15： 30, and peaks of social behavior at 09：30 - 10： 30, 14：30 - 15：30 and 16：30 - 17： 30. Therefore, the differences were significant in intensity, onset and duration of various behaviors.
出处
《兽类学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第1期20-27,共8页
Acta Theriologica Sinica
基金
安徽省教育厅自然科学基金项目(2006KJ193B)
关键词
长江江豚
半自然水域
哺乳期
昼间时间分配
行为
Behavior
Diurnal time budget
Lactation
Semi-natural reserve
Yangtze finless porpoise （Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis ）
