摘要
采用盆栽土培试验，以氮胁迫与正常供氮条件下的子粒产量比值作为氮效率系数，探讨了不同品种油菜氮效率差异及其生理基础。结果表明，供试5个油菜品种的氮效率有显著差异，其氮效率系数的变化范围是0．37～0．69。在氮胁迫条件下，氮高效品种的植株含氮量与氮素累积吸收量、叶片叶绿素含量与硝酸还原酶活性、茎叶可溶性糖含量与硝态氮再利用量高于氮低效品种。在正常供氮条件下，高潜力品种的植株含氮量低于低潜力品种，但由于其生物量较高，氮素累积吸收量并不低于低潜力品种，甚至苗期的氮素累积吸收量高于低潜力品种；高潜力品种的叶片叶绿素含量与硝酸还原酶活性、茎叶可溶性糖含量与硝态氮再利用量高于低潜力品种。说明上述4种生理指标均可作为评价油菜氮效率及增长潜力差异的间接指标。
Differences in nitrogen （N） use efficiency and their physiological basis among different rape （Brassica napus L. ） varieties were studied using N efficiency coefficient, i.e. the ratio of seed yield in N stress condition to that in normal N supply in a pot experiment. Results showed that there were significant differences in N use efficiency （NUE） among five rape varieties, with NUE coefficient varying from 0.37 to 0.69. Under N stress condition, the variety 231 was high NUE variety with the highest seed yield and NUE coefficient, but the variety Bin270 was low NUE variety with the lowest seed yield and NUE coefficient. Under normal N supply condition, the variety 742 was high yield potential variety with the highest seed yield, whereas the variety Huiyou50 was low yield potential variety with the lowest seed yield. Under N stressed condition, N content and accumulated uptake in rape variety with high NUE were greater than those of the varieties with low NUE. Under normal N supply condition, N content in high yield potential variety was lower than that of low yield potential variety. Because of higher biomass in high yield potential variety, its accumulated N uptake was not lower than that of low yield potential variety, even higher during the seedling stage, indicating that high NUE variety was closely related to its N uptake capacity, and the high yield potential variety was closely related to the capacity of dry mass accumulation. Under N stress condition, leaf chlorophyll content and nitrate reductase activity, and stem and leaf soluble sugar content and reuse nitrate content in high NUE variety were greater than those of low NUE variety. Under normal N supply condition, leaf chlorophyll content and nitrate reductase activity, and stem and leaf soluble sugar content and reused nitrate content in high yield potential variety were higher than those of low yield potential variety, which indicated that the above-mentioned four physiological indices could be used as indirect indicators for assessing high NUE and yield potentiality. Under N stress condition, the difference of reused nitrate between the high and low NUE varieties may largely be due to difference of nitrate uptake capacity. But under normal N supply condition, the difference of reused nitrate between high and low yield potential may be mainly attributed to the reused capacity of nitrate.
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第1期113-119,共7页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30671206)
湖南省博士后专项基金项目(2006FJ4265)资助
关键词
油菜
氮效率
氮效率系数
生理基础
oilseed rape
nitrogen use efficiency
nitrogen efficiency coefficient
physiological fundamentals
