摘要
近50年来,旅游地游憩价值评估成为一个热点研究领域,为相关自然保护区、景区的管理与决策起到重大作用。我国从20世纪80年代也出现了游憩价值评估的探索。综合分析国外的相关资料,旅游地游憩价值评估主要集中于旅游地环境资源总经济价值评估、生态旅游发展与政策评估、游憩项目评估和评估方法的研究,主要使用费用支出法、旅行费用法和条件估值法等方面。我国的游憩价值评估主要集中在森林游憩价值领域,方法应用和研究规范上与国外尚有差距。此外,针对我国部分研究将出现将游憩价值评估与经营资产价值评估糅合,认为游憩价值评估与经营资产价值评估是两条独立的主线,不应互相混淆。
In the last fifty years, economic valuation of outdoor recreation of destinations has been given increasing attention. It plays a great role in the management decision-making for reserves and scenic spots. However, the economic valuation of outdoor recreation has introduced into China only for few years. Due to the lack of a complete principle framework, the related studies in China are inevitably confronted with many issues. It＇s helpful to identify the meaning of recreational valuation, Choose suitable approaches to apply and carry out researches with high efficiency if the related researches on them both home and abroad are reviewed and understood objectively. By using comprehensive analysis and comparison, the author draws three conclusions： 1） These existing studies on recreation valuation mainly focus on the following aspects： total economic value of environmental resources, valuation of ecotourism development and policies, valuation of recreational activities and methodologies of valuation. Methods used frequently are EM （Expenditure Method）, TCM（Travel Cost Method） and CVM（ Contingent Valuation Method）. Each of the three approaches has its strengths and weaknesses and particular application scope. EM and TCM can estimate use：value and adjust to developed scenic areas. CVM has become one of the most widely used non-market valuation techniques; and it can estimate total economic value, including non-use value. Valuation by CVM must be used carefully due to its flexibility. 2） Study on recreational value assessment in China appeared in 1980s. These valuations focus on economic valuation of outdoor recreation of forest, and methods used. The studies in China on economic valuation of outdoor recreation still lag behind of those overseas. More efforts should be devoted to the following aspects of recreational.valuation research： the definition of research scope, the suitable selection and application of valuation approaches, and the examination of valuation results. Such i researches could provide instructions and suggestions to the operation and management of scenic areas as well as the making of environmental policies. 3） In addition, there emerges a phenomenon that valuations of recreational value and running asset value mix together. In response to the mixture of recreational valuation and asset running valuation, this paper separates the two parties from each other in the following aspects： perspectives of valuation, objectives of valuation, value range, and essence of value. They shouldn＇t be mixed up. This paper considers the appraisal of running asset value belongs to the category of asset assessment. The findings would be of great help to set standards of economic valuation.
出处
《人文地理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第1期13-19,共7页
Human Geography
基金
国家科技攻关项目(2005BA807B10)
国家自然科学基金项目(40571059)
关键词
旅游地
游憩价值评估
环境资源经济价值
经营价值评估
tourism destinations
economic valuation of outdoor recreation
valuation of economic value of environmental resources
valuation of running asset value
