摘要
水体污染治理已成为国家环境保护战略的重要组成部分，正确认识海河水质变化状况，对于海河污染的治理具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文以海河天津塘沽段为研究对象，采用大梁子和船闸2个国控监测断面2001年～2005年的水质监测数据，计算了pH、NH3-N、DO、BOD5、高锰酸盐指数、CODcr、总磷、Zn、Cu、Pb及Cd等11项污染因子的污染指数（Pi）、污染分担率（fi）及断面的综合污染指数。通过分析得出，海河综合水质指数总体表现为逐年下降趋势，2003年后水质状况明显好转，已达到V类标准。氨氮、CODcr、BODs和溶解氧的超标依然是影响海河水质的主要因素。污染指数通常在5～6月份出现高峰期，与区内地表径流和排雨状况的特征紧密相关。2003年后海河水质污染指数明显下降，其中氨氮降幅最大，表明清淤工程是改善海河水质的重要措施之一。
Water pollution control has become an important part of national environment protection strategy. Correct understanding the change of water quality in the Haihe River has great theoretical and practical significance for the pollution control. Taking the Tanggu Reach of Haihe River of Tianjin as research object, adopted the national control monitoring sections of Dalingzi and Chuanzha＇s water quality monitoring data, and calculated pollution index （ Pi ）, pollutionsharing rate （fi） and section integrated pollution index of pH, NH3-N, DO, BODs, Permanganate index, CODcr, total phosphorus, zinc, copper, lead and cadmium and so on 11 pollution factors. From the characteristics of the changes of water pollutions indexes of Haihe River, the comprehensive water quality index gradually decreased from 2001 to 2005. After 2003, the situa- tion improved significantly, and met the Class V requirements. Ammonia, CODcr, BODs and dissolved oxygen＇s exceeding the standards are still the main factors that affected the Haihe River water quality. Pollutions index usually reach its peak in May to June, which is closely related to the surface runoff and the situation of the drain of rainwater. Haihe River dredging project in 2003, making the Haihe River water quality has improved, pollution index decreased significantly, the reduced rate of ammonia is far greater than that of other major pollutants, which indicated that Haihe River dredging project is one of the important measures to improve the water quality.
出处
《水资源与水工程学报》
2008年第1期69-72,76,共5页
Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering
关键词
水质
水污染指数
塘沽区
海河
water quality
water pollution indexes
Tanggu Reach
Haihe River
