摘要
为揭示樟子松（Pinus sylvestris var．mongolica）人工林对微生态条件的改良，对比了樟子松林下与流沙土壤水热状况、理化性质和草本层群落特征。结果表明：①同流沙相比，樟子松林下表层0—20cm土壤含水量增加，而深层土壤含水量减少，不同土层间含水量的分配差异增大。②林下土壤的比热变大，沙层升温减慢，保温能力提高。③樟子松林下表层具有明显的养分富集特性，表现出明显的层次性，表层（0—10cm）土壤容重、有机质、全磷、水解氮、有效磷、电导率都显著高于下层（20～40cm）和流沙表层（P〈0．05），但其20cm以下土壤养分非常低，与流沙相比并没有显著改变（P〈0．05）。④从流沙到樟子松人工林整个沙漠化逆转的过程来看，林下草本层群落的盖度、物种丰富度、多样性指数、群落均匀度都在增大，而物种优势度在降低。研究认为，樟子松人工林加速了沙丘的固定，改善了表层土壤的理化性质，在早期促进了植被发育，但在林分郁闭之后，由于争夺光照、水分、养分，又对林下植被产牛了影响。
After measuring and analyzing the soil properties, soil moisture content and community structure ot pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation, in this paper the effects of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation on microenvironment improvement in the Horqin Sandy Land are studied. The results are as follows： ① Moisture content in topsoil of 0 -20 cm in depth is higher under Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation but lower than that in moving sand dune, and the difference of soil moisture content between different soil layers under Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation is higher than that in moving sand dune ;② Under Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation, soil specific heat is increased, and the soil temperature increase and the heat diffusion from soil are reduced; ③ Under Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation, a nutrient accumulation occurs in soil, and the bulk density, organic matter content, total phosphoric content, hydrolyzable nitrogen content, available phosphoric content and electrical conductivity in topsoil （0 -10 cm in depth） are significantly higher than that in deep soil （20 -40 cm） and topsoil in moving sand dune （p 〈 0.05）, but there is no significant difference between nutrient contents in soil deeper than 20 cm under Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation and in moving sand dune; ④ The vegetation coverage, species richness, biodiversity index and community evenness of herbaceous plants under Pirnus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation are increased, but the species dominance is decreased. It is considered that Pinus sylvestris vat. mongolica plantation can effectively fix sand, improve the physical and chemical properties of topsoil, promote the growth of plants at early stage, but can restrict the growth of vegetation under the plantation with its canopy increase.
出处
《干旱区研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第2期212-218,共7页
Arid Zone Research
基金
国家自然基金项目(40471004)
中国科学院野外台站基金项目(1737690200015)资助
关键词
樟子松人工林
科尔沁沙地
微环境
生态恢复
Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica
microenvironment
ecological restoration
Horqin Sandy Land.
