摘要
清代乡土社会存在着三种层次的纠纷调解,即民间调解、州县官方调处以及介于官方与民间之间的半官方性质调解。在官府的大力倡导和支持下,清代民间调解十分盛行且存在着内在的规则与秩序:参与民间纠纷调解的主体多、范围广泛;民间纠纷调解的形式灵活多样,家族调解享有程序上的优先权;民间调解的依据呈现出多元化的特征。除国家制定法外,儒家伦理道德和情理、家法族规、乡规民约、习惯、风俗等均发挥着重要的作用。清代乡土社会的民间纠纷调解呈现在我们面前的是国家法与乡土社会规则之间一种既相冲突又相融合的矛盾统一的和谐秩序。
There existed three levels of dispute mediation system in the civil society of the Qing Dynasty, namely, civil mediation, official mediation and quasi -official mediation. Under the vigorous advocattion and support from the central and local governments in the Qing Dynasty, the civil mediation quite prevailed, and as a result, some internal rules and order were formed, and many were involved in mediation and various civil disputes were resolved through mediation. In the process of mediation, flexible and diverse methods were applied and priority was given to family disputes, and disputes were resolved by following avarious principles. In addition to the State statutes, Confucian ethic teachings, family rules and customs, customs and practice etc. , all have played significant roles in those days. Simply put, the civil dispute mediation system in the civil society of the Qing Dynasty manifests a harmonious order between the state laws and civil social rules.
出处
《山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第2期35-47,共13页
Journal of Shandong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
关键词
清代法制史
纠纷调解
规则与秩序
徽州私约
legal history of the Qing Dynasty
dispute mediation
rules and order, private contract in Huizhou
