摘要
深层地下水是指地质历史时期特定气候条件下形成的、现代补给来源很少、恢复更新速度极其缓慢的地下水。国内外专家对区域大型沉积盆地中的深层地下水的运移机制存在不同的认识,根本的分歧在于是否存在水力连续性。尽管在学术上存在着主张和反对开采深层地下水的争论,但实际情况却是世界上许多干旱国家和地区正在开采或计划开采深层地下水,并且作为主要的供水水源。深层地下水的开采主要是开采其储存量,其可利用限度取决于是否允许消耗其储存量及允许消耗多少储存量。开采战略要么是选择长期开采要么是选择替代解决办法,如果选择前者,那么分阶段、分层位开采并给予其足够恢复、更新的时间是非常必要的。
Deep groundwater is defined as an unusual groundwater with small amount of recharge, slow renewal speed, long recharge cycle as well as little impact by climate fluctuations. Deep groundwater formed in geological historic periods with special climate conditions. Because most of the deep groundwater is confined, it is also called deep confined water. The experts from home and abroad have different viewpoints about the deep groundwater occrring in large sediment basins, including the formation mechanism, transport characteristics and availability, and the focus of the disputes is the hydraulic continuity. However, most of the specialists accept the point of view of hydraulic continuity. While some of the experts argue against the exploitation of deep groundwater. The long history of hundreds of years of the utilization of deep groundwater proves that the deep groundwater is allowed to be exploited, and the deep groundwater becomes the primary source of water supply in some of the arid and semiarid regions or countries. Exploitation of deep groundwater is mainly extracting the reserves. The allowable exploitation limit of deep groundwater depends on the allowable consuming reserves, and limit indicators usually are environmentally geological disasters （e. g., land subsidence）. The exploitation strategies for deep groundwater are either long-term development or choosing substitutable resolutions. If choosing the former, it is necessary that the deep groundwater is exploited according to the stages and layers and enough time is needed to renew the water.
出处
《水文地质工程地质》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第2期124-128,共5页
Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology
基金
近岸海域的海底地下水排泄及其海洋生态环境效应研究项目(40672166)
关键词
深层地下水
运移机制
储存资源
可利用限度
deep groundwater
transport mechanism
storage resource
allowable limitation
