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腰背痛流行病学进展 被引量:18

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摘要 腰背痛患病率高,易复发,大多无明显病因,缺乏特异性表现,具有自愈倾向,仅少数腰背痛患者转为慢性。腰背痛的危险因素有年龄、心理、遗传、性别、职业、妊娠、体重、腰背痛病史、不良生活方式等。腰背痛患病率随年龄增长而增加,但到一定年龄阶段保持不变;社会心理因素对腰背痛的影响渐受重视;性别与腰背痛关系的报道不一;遗传可能是腰背痛最主要的危险因素;某些职业因素如负重、弯腰、旋转、振动等是腰背痛重要的危险因素;近年来与妊娠妇女相关的腰背痛受到重视;生活方式改变可使腰背痛患病率增加。X线和MRI等检查对腰背痛的诊断无特异性,仅适于排除腰背部特异性疾病。腰背痛的治疗方法很多,但流行病学调查显示缺乏有效方法,建议对不同病程采取相应治疗方法。目前腰背痛的预防未能降低发病率。
出处 《国际骨科学杂志》 2008年第2期115-116,122,共3页 International Journal of Orthopaedics
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