摘要
上海地区有种子植物约１３４科５１０属９１９种。种子植物的分区类型共１５°个，其中泛热带分布、北温带和东亚分布各占总属数的２７．８％、２１．６％和１１．９％。地带性植被以常绿阔叶林和常绿落叶阔叶混交林为主，其中红楠群落和青冈栎群落能较好地反映中亚热带的植被和环境特征。非地带性植被以潮间带植被和水生植被为主。上海自然植被的类型和分布规律反映了本区地处中亚热带向北亚热带过渡地带的气候特征以及濒江临海的环境特点。同时其现状也表明了上海的自然植被处于不断增长的压力之下所发生的变化，因此亟需加以保护。上海的植被区划可分为隶属于北亚热带常绿落叶阔叶林地带的河口沙洲植被区，碟缘高地植被区和东北淀泖低地植被区，以及隶属于中亚热带常绿阔叶林地带的西南丘陵、低地植被区等。
Shanghai , the largest city of China , is situated at the south bank of Yangtze Esture ( 30°42' -31°48'N, 120°52'-122°16'E). It covers an area of 6341 square kilometers. The annual aver- age temperature and rainfall are 1 5. 8 ℃ and 11 45. 1mm respectively. There are 91 9 species of seed plants belonging to 1 3 4 families and 5 1 0 genera in Shanghai. According to the geographical distribution of spermatophytic genera , tyey may be divided into 1 5 types of geographical ele- ments , which are mostly Pantropic ( 27. 8 % ) . Northe Temperate ( 21 . 6% ) and East Asia ( 1 1. 9 % ). The nature vegetation of Shanghai consists mainly of evergreen broadleaf forest. mixed broadleaf forest and wetland vegetation. The different types and the distribution pattern reflect the climate. characteristics of the transition area from middle subtropical to north subtrop- ical and the trait of the natural environmemt of Shanghai , meanwhile , its current sitiuation also shows the change of the nature vegetation by human pressure. As the special ecosystem and a nature history heritage of Shanghai , forest vegetation is needed to be protected at Dajinshan Is- land and She Shan. The vegetation of Shanghai can be divided into two vegetation zones : the middle subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest and north subtropical mixed broadleaf forest .
出处
《地理研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
1997年第3期82-88,共7页
Geographical Research
关键词
植被分析
自然保护
上海
植物区系
vegetation , vegetation regionalization , conservation , Shanghai
