摘要
目的探讨老年人和中青年人肺部感染的不同临床特点。方法回顾分析我院2005年3月至2007年3月收治的老年肺部感染患者166例和中青年肺部感染患者128例的临床资料。结果老年组多以咳嗽咳痰、胸闷气促为主要症状,而中青年组以发热、胸痛、咳嗽多见(P<0·01)。老年组中白细胞计数升高者少于中青年组,合并电解质紊乱、Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭者明显多于中青年组,2组比较差异显著(P<0·01)。痰培养发现老年组中革兰阴性杆菌感染者65例(39·2%)明显多于中青年组21例(16·4%),胸部X线检查示老年组中表现为局限性实变影者4例(2·4%),明显少于中青年组44例(34·4%),2组比较差异显著(P<0·01)。结论老年人肺部感染临床表现多不典型,在实验室检查、胸部影像学检查方面均与中青年人有着明显不同的临床特点,临床上容易漏诊、误诊,应给予高度重视。
Objective To investigate the different clinical characteristics of elderly, middle-aged and young patients with pulmonary infection. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical datum was performed on 166 cases of aged patients and 128 cases of middle-aged and young patients with pulmonary infection hospitalized from March 2005 to March 2007. Results Cough, expectoration, chest distress, breathlessness often occurred in elderly group, and however, fever, chest pain, cough appeared in middle-aged and young group more frequently （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Fewer cases with high WBC amount were in elderly group and more cases with electrolyte disturbance and type Ⅱ respiratory failure in elderly group than middle-aged and young group （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The result of sputum culture manifested that there were 65 cases （39. 2% ） infected by Gram-negative bacillus in elderly group, compared with 21 cases （ 16. 4% ） in middle-aged and young group. And 4 cases（2.4% ） in elderly group showing circumscribed consolidation in the lung,compared with 44 cases（34. 4% ） in middleaged and young group. The differences between two groups were statistically significant （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions The clinical symptoms in most cases of the aged patients with pulmonary infection were atypical and the results of laboratory examination and chest imaging were both different from middle-aged and young group. Therefore, it would result in missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis and we should pay more attention to these special population.
出处
《实用老年医学》
CAS
2008年第2期111-113,共3页
Practical Geriatrics
关键词
老年人
中青年人
肺部感染
临床特点
aged
middle-aged and young
pulmonary infection
clinical characteristics
