摘要
采用正交设计法，探讨了水温、光周期和饲料组成3个因素对克氏原螯虾雌虾成活和性腺发育的影响，以期为人工繁殖提供理论指导．结果表明，各因素对克氏原螯虾雌虾成活率的影响大小为：水温〉饲料组成〉光周期，其最优水平分别为：水温22℃、光照周期16L：8D、饲料为纯草鱼肉．以性腺成熟系数为指标，3个因素对雌虾性腺发育的影响大小为：饲料组成〉水温〉光周期，其最优水平分别为：饲料为纯草鱼肉、水温28℃、光照周期16L：8D．根据本实验结果，综合考虑成活率和性腺发育情况，克氏原螯虾的亲虾培育可选择水温25～28℃之间、光照周期16L：8D，饲料中多添加鱼肉等动物性饲料．同时还应注意减小饲养密度，以免发生同类残食的事件．
It is shown that the gonad development of shrimps is closely related to water temperature, photoperiod and dietary. The red swamp crawfish Procambarus clarkill is becoming shortage in the aquatic markets due to its nice taste and low price. In order to explore the technique of artificial reproduction in the crawfish, we investigated the effect of three factors： water temperature, photoperiod and dietary on survival rate and ovarian development of the crawfish Procambarus clarkill using orthogonal analysis. The re- sults showed that among these three factors, water temperature had the most important effect on the survival rate of the crawfish. The second important factor was diet. For survival rate, the optimum levels were： 22℃ of water temperature, 16L （Light） ： 8D （Dark） of photoperiod, feeding with grass carp meat. The gonadosomatic index （GSI） of this female crawfish was mostly affected by the diet among the three experimented factors, followed by water temperature and photoperiod. For GSI, the optimum levels were： feeding with grass carp meat, 28℃ of water temperature and 16L ： 8D of photo- period. These results suggest that taking both survival rate and ovarian development into consideration, the optimum breeding conditions of this crawfish may be 25-28℃ of water temperature, 16L ： 8D of photoperiod, feeding with the diet containing more meat,such as fish meat. At the same time, the culturing crawfish should not be too crowded in case they will attack each other, especially when exuviation occurs.
出处
《华中师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
2008年第1期97-101,共5页
Journal of Central China Normal University：Natural Sciences
基金
湖北省重点攻关计划项目(2005AA205B01)资助
关键词
克氏原螯虾
水温
光周期
饲料
性腺成熟系数
Procarnbarus clarkill
water temperature
photoperiod
diet
gonadosomatic index
