摘要
华北平原水资源短缺,旱涝碱咸灾害是农业可持续发展的主要制约因素。海河的治理,骨干排水河道的开挖疏浚,解决了排洪排涝排咸出路,建成华北平原排洪排涝系统。春季开发地下水包括微咸水和半咸水抗旱灌溉,井灌井排降低地下水位,增大地下库容,减少径流流失,增多降雨入渗,淋洗土壤盐碱,防治渍涝灾害,把降雨转化为可利用的水资源。秋冬利用深沟引蓄河水,回灌地下水补源,促使地下咸水淡化。地表水地下水联合运用,保持水资源采补平衡。实现旱涝碱咸综合治理,水资源可持续利用,经济社会可持续发展,生态环境良性循环。
The North China Plain is short of water resources. The disasters caused by drought, waterlogging, salinity and saline groundwater are the main restrictive factors for sustainable development of agriculture. The the regulatio drainage n of Haihe River and the excavation and dredging of main drainage rivers have remarkably improved outlets to drain floodwater, excessive rainwater and saline groundwater into the sea. Exploiting groundwater, including brackish and semi -saline water by tube wells, has the objectives to combat drought by enabling irrigation in spring, to lower groundwater levels before the rainy season, to increase percolation and underground storage of rainwater, to reduce surface runoff, to leach salts from the soil by summer rainwater and to prevent waterlogging, thus transforming the natural rainfall into available water resources. In autumn and winter river water is diverted to and stored in deep ditches and canals to recharge groundwater and to promote the freshening of saline groundwater. In this way, through the conjunctive use of surface and groundwater the balance between exploitation and supplementing of water resources in the area has been kept, and the comprehensive control of drought, waterlogging, salinity and saline ground sustainable development of economy and society, and a water, the sustainable utilization of water resources, the good eco- environment has been realized.
出处
《地下水》
2008年第2期1-5,共5页
Ground water
关键词
华北平原
治理海河
洪水
沥涝
旱灾
盐碱
咸水
排水
North China Plain, regulation of Haihe River, flood, waterlogging, drought, salinity, salinegroundwater, drainage
