摘要
采用甲基环己烷-水-正辛醇-AEO9形成的微乳液体系制备纳米金属Ni催化剂,并利用该催化剂催化辽河超稠油的水热裂解反应。研究结果表明,280℃时纳米金属Ni能够促进超稠油的水热裂解反应。与原超稠油相比,反应后样品的硫质量分数由0.45%降到0.23%,胶质、沥青质质量分数分别降低了15.83%、15.33%;GC-MS分析结果表明,甲基环己烷在改质过程中能够脱氢生成甲苯;C、H元素分析结果表明,反应后样品中胶质、沥青质的H/C原子比增加,说明从甲基环己烷上脱下的氢能够转移到超稠油中。表面活性剂AEO9、水和油,在改质结束后的降温过程中,形成了稳定的油包水型乳液,起到乳化降黏作用;而添加的甲基环己烷、正辛醇均能起到稀释降黏作用;在上述降黏作用的协同影响下,反应后样品50℃时的黏度由原来的139 800mPa.s降至2 400mPa.s,由此表明,纳米Ni催化剂对辽河超稠油水热裂解降黏的催化效果显著。
Nano-nickel catalyst was prepared in methylcyclohexane-water-n-octanol-AEO9 micro-emulsion system, and used in the viscosity reduction process of Liaohe extra-heavy oil by aqua-thermolysis. It is observed that the nano-nickel could catalyze the aqua-thermolysis reaction of extra-heavy oil at 280 ℃. The experimental results demonstrate that compared with the original crude oil sample, the mean molecular weight of the upgraded sample decreases, the content of sulfur changes from 0.45% to 0.23%, the content of resin and asphaltene reduces 15.83% and 15.33%, respectively. Based on the GC-MS analysis results, a reaction pathway is proposed that involves hydrogen transfer from methylcyclohexane to the extra-heavy crude oil resulting in the formation of toluene. During the cooling process after upgrading reaction, the W/O emulsion is formed because of the presence of the surfactant AEO9. As a result, with respect to the original crude oil, the viscosity of upgraded sample is changed from 139 800 mPa·s to 2400 mPa·s at 50 ℃, an approximately 98.90% reduction by the synergetic effects of upgrading, emulsification and diluting.
出处
《燃料化学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第2期176-180,共5页
Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology
关键词
纳米催化剂
水热裂解
降黏
超稠油
供氢体
nano-catalyst
aqua-thermolysis
viscosity reduction
upgrading
hydrogen transfer
