摘要
通过生长饲养试验研究史氏鲟幼鲟对饲料中磷的需要量。以Ca（H2P04）2·H20为磷源，配制含磷水平分别为0．18％（对照组），0．40％，0．71％，0．98％，1．38％和1．66％的6组等能等氮纯化饲料，每组饲料饲喂3个重复，每个重复饲养20尾初体质量约为4．7g的幼鲟。经过8周的饲养后，对生长、饲料效率、成活率、幼鲟肌肉常规组成及脊椎骨灰分和钙磷含量进行分析。结果表明，随饲料中磷含量的升高，鱼体增重率、饲料效率和特定生长率显著增加（P〈0．05），直至0．98％组达最大，然后随着饲料磷含量的增加，这些指标显著降低（P〈0．05）；试验各添加组的成活率显著高于对照组（P〈0．05），但各添加组间没有显著差异（P〉0．05）；饲料添加磷对鱼体肌肉水分、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量无显著影响（P〉0．05）；当饲料磷含量在0．71％～1．66％之间时，脊椎骨中灰分、钙和磷含量差异不显著（P〉0．05），但显著高于对照组和0．40％试验组（P〈0．05）。经过折线回归分析得出，为维持史氏鲟幼鲟最佳生长和骨骼磷水平，饲料中磷的需要量为0．88％～1．00％（占干饲料）。
The Amur sturgeon, Acipenser schrenckii, is a large freshwater fish which inhabits the Amur River basin and has been listed in Appendix Ⅱ by CITES （the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and nora）. Currently, the artificial aquaculture of the sturgeon has been developing rapidly in China, but little information is available on the nutrient requirements of the fish. Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for proper mineralization and many other physiological functions for fish. Here the dietary phosphorus requirement of juvenile Amur sturgeon has been determined by a feeding trial. Six experimental isonitrogenous and isoenergetic purified diets were formulated containing increasing contents of phosphorus （0.18%, 0.40%, 0.71%, 0.98%, 1.38% and 1.66%, respectively）. Monocalcium phosphate was used as dietary phosphorus source, casein and gelatin as protein source, dextrin as carbohydrate source, and soybean oil and maize oil as lipid source, respectively. Each experimental diet was fed to triplicate groups of 20 Amur sturgeon juveniles with initial weight approximately 4.7 g in 400 L aquaria and maintained at （25.6±2.0）℃ for 8 weeks. The results showed that the weight gain rate, feed efficiency and specific growth rate of the juveniles increased significantly with the increases of the dietary phosphorus level （ P 〈 0.05）. These values reached the peak when the juveniles were fed the diet supplemented with 0.98% phosphorus, and then decreased significantly with the further increases of the dietary phosphorus level （P 〈0.05）. The survival rate of the fish fed the control diet （0.18% phosphorus diet） was significantly lower than that of the fish fed the other diets （P 〈 0.05）. Supplementation of dietary phosphorus had no significant effect on the muscle moisture, crude protein, or crude lipid content of the juveniles （ P 〉 0.05）. The fish fed the diets supplemented with 0.71% - 1.66% dietary phosphorus had significantly higher ash, calcium, and phosphorus contents in vertebra than those fed the control diet and the 0.40% phosphorus diet （P 〈 0.05）. Broken-line regression analyses of specific growth rate and vertebrae phosphorus against dietary phosphorus level indicated that the dietary phosphorus requirement for optimal growth and phosphorus content in vertebra of juvenile Amur sturgeon was 0.88% - 1.00% of dry diet.
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第2期242-248,共7页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
科技部科研院所技术开发研究专项资助(2003EG134172)
国家公益研究专项资助(2004DIB3J099)
国家基础性工作重点专项资助(2002DEA1004)
关键词
史氏鲟
磷
需要量
Acipenser schrenckii
phosphorus
requirement
