摘要
对武夷山甜槠林成熟林水文学效应的研究结果表明：观测期间，年大气降水量２６７８．７８ｍｍ，林内雨量２１８２．０４ｍｍ，林冠截留量为４９６．７４ｍｍ；林内雨中，穿透雨量２０８２．０８ｍｍ，树干茎流９９．９６ｍｍ；到达甜槠林地作用面的林内雨量中，被地表枯枝落叶层截留的雨量为１５９．８４ｍｍ，地表径流量１１．６ｍｍ，地下渗流量１０９．３２ｍｍ，其余林内雨量形成土壤含水量增量并由地表物理蒸发、根系吸收以及植物蒸腾所消耗；甜槠林地０～２０ｃｍ土层水分初渗率７８．６ｍｍ·ｍｉｎ－１，稳渗率１５．５ｍｍ·ｍｉｎ－１，达到稳渗历时４５ｍｉｎ，地表枯枝落叶最大持水量５．２ｍｍ，土壤蓄水量１５４．０ｍｍ。与国内其它地区不同类型的森林相比较，武夷山甜槠林具有较强的水文学效能。
Hydrological observations were made in a 76 yearold Castanopsis eyrei forest of the Wuyi Mountains.The results are as follows:(1)In the study period during 1993～1994,annual gross precipitation,net precipitation (throughfall was 208204mm and stemflow was 9996mm)and interception loss were 267878mm,218204mm and 49674mm respectively.Interception rate was 1845%.(2)Net precipitation,the part of gross precipitation appearing on the forest floor,was redistributed through different routes.The part absorbed by litter layer was an annual amount of 15984mm,and accounting for 733%.The parts as surface runoff and belowground drainage were annual amounts of 116mm and 10932mm respectively,and accounting for 053% and 501%,respectively.The rest was kept in soil and then lost to the atmosphere by means of ground physical evaporation or plant transpiration as absorbed by the roots.Its amount was 190128mm,and accounting for 8713%.(3) The initial infiltration rate and stable infiltration rate for the soil layer of 0～20cm were 786mm·min-1 and 155mm·min-1 respectively.The time needed to arrive at the stable state was 45min.Water storage capacity of soil was 15041t·hm-2.The maximum waterholding capacity of litter layer was 52mm.
出处
《植物生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1997年第5期393-402,共10页
Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology
基金
福建省自然科学基金
武夷山自然保护区管理局资助
