摘要
选取由农林废物堆肥中筛选出的木质素降解优势土著微生物枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、铜绿假单孢菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)、简青霉(Penicillium simplicissim)、栗褐链霉菌(Streptomyces badius),依据PLFA-PLS定量分析所得堆肥化2次发酵期有效的木质素降解微生物群落组成比例混合接种至稻草基质发酵瓶中,做1组L9(34)正交试验以优化混合比例,期望开发1种基于木质素降解的高效堆肥化接种剂。试验结果表明:混合菌剂具有较强的木质素降解能力,其对木质素的降解是木质素过氧化物酶、锰过氧化物酶、漆酶、纤维素酶和半纤维素酶共同作用的结果;当按照个数比细菌?放线菌?真菌为85∶5∶10,枯草芽孢杆菌∶铜绿假单孢菌为55∶25,黑曲霉∶简青霉为2∶1配比时,木质素、纤维素、半纤维素降解率最高,分别达到22.13%,48.97%和55.93%;在不灭菌前提下,按此配比接入菌剂,其木质素、纤维素、半纤维素降解率分别比不接菌剂发酵稻草提高19.16,38.25和46.30百分点。
Lignin biodegradation plays an important role in biological disposition of agricultural wastes. Five strains of microorganisms were isolated from compost of agricultural and forestry wastes. They were identified to be Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium simplicissim, and Streptomyces badius. These strains were proved to be capable of decomposing hydroxybenzene and nonhydroxybenzene lignin compounds of low molecular weight. To develop a high-efficiency of microbial inocula for composting, this research was designed to have a heap of natural rice straw inoculated with these strains of different ratios and composted for 30 days through solidstate fermentation. The strain mixture showed ligninolytic ability, which was further proved by analyses of enzyme production. Five different enzymes, lignin peroxidase, manganses peroxidase, laccase, cellulase and hemicellulase, were believed to be the most important catalysts in biodegrading process, and they always worked synergistically. When the ratio of bacteria： actinomycete： fungus was 85：5：10; Bacillus subtilis： Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 55：25 ; and Aspergillus niger： Penicillium simplicissim, 2：1, the degradation rate of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulese was the highest, being 22.13% ,48.97% and 55.93% ,respectively, after 30 days＇ incubation. In rice straws without presterilization, inoculation with the strain mixture of this ratio and fermentation for 30 days increased the degradation rate of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose by 19.16,38.25, and 46.30 percent points, respectively, over the control, i.e. rice straws without inoculation.
出处
《生态与农村环境学报》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第2期84-87,共4页
Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划(2004AA649370)
国家重点基础研究发展计划(2005CB724203)
国家杰出青年科学基金(50225926,50425927)
关键词
微生物接种剂
固态培养
酶
木质纤维素
microbial inocula
solid-state fermentation
enzyme
lignocellulose
