摘要
为了比较不同种类的海洋双壳类软体动物对重金属的积累和释放特征,本文分别以南海海域常见的3种经济贝类菲律宾蛤仔、近江牡蛎和翡翠贻贝为生物材料,采用静态暴露染毒方式研究了重金属Hg、Pb、Cd在这3种海洋贝类体内的积累和释放特征。结果表明,单一浓度的Hg(0.020mg·L-1)、Pb(0.10mg·L-1)、Cd(0.10mg·L-1)重金属混合液暴露15d后测得Hg和Cd在近江牡蛎体内的蓄积量最大,整个积累阶段蓄积量的平均值分别为49.61mg·kg-1湿重和7.66mg·kg-1湿重,而3种贝类体内蓄积的Pb含量差别不大,其平均值在1.08～1.85mg·L-1湿重范围变化;在排放阶段,蓄积于3种贝类体内的Pb和Hg的含量在释放过程的第3d就明显下降,其释放比例最高可达72%,最低也有12%左右,但之后一直到释放阶段结束,Pb和Hg的含量基本维持在一个浓度水平而未有显著变化,而Cd在3种贝类体内的含量始终未发现有明显改变。通过比较我们还发现,随暴露时间延长重金属在3种生物体内积累量的增加趋势具有很好的一致性,并且近江牡蛎对Hg、Pb、Cd的富集作用最为明显,积累阶段其平均生物富集系数(BCF)(分别为2435.6、11.3、76.5)远高于菲律宾蛤仔(分别为53.7、18.5、19.5)和翡翠贻贝(分别为121.8、1.1、15.2)。
The accumulation and elimination characteristic of Hg, Pb and Cd in different marine bivalve molluscs were compared using three kinds of marine bivalve molluscs（Ruditapes Philippinarum, Ostrea Rivularis, Perna uiridis） that exposed to the mixed solutions of heavy metals with the concentration of 0.020mg·L^-1 Hg,0.10 mg·L^-1 Pb and 0.10 mg·L^-1 Cd, and then three polluted shellfishes exposed to heavy metals were transplanted to the non polluted seawater after 15 days exposure. During the exposure period, the highest uptake of Hg was observed in Ostrea Rivularis and the average content measured at 5 different times was at the concentration of 49.61 mg·kg^-1 wet weight （WW）, then higher uptake was 2.89 mg·kg^-1 WW in the Perna uiridis, the concentration of 1.11 mg·kg^-1 WW Hg accumulated in Ruditapes Philip- pinarum was the lowest. The highest uptake of Cd was at the concentration of 7.66 mg·kg^-1 WW accumulated in Ostrea Rivularis, then Perna uiridis and Ruditapes Philippinarum were 1.95 mg·kg^-1 WW and 1.52 mg·kg^-1 WW respectively. The uptake of Pb accumulated in three kinds of marine bivalve molluscs varied at the higher concentration ranged from 1.08 mg·kg^-1 WW to 1.85 mg·kg^-1 WW but no obvious difference. During the elimination process, the concentration of Pb and Hg accumulated in three kinds of marine bivalve molluscs significantly decreased on the 3rd day, with the elimination rate 12%-72%, then the concentration level changed little through the following elimination process; however, the concentration level of Cd accumulated in three shellfishes changed slightly. The uptake and accumulation of heavy metals in three kinds of marine bivalve molluscs showed a similar trend, increasing with the exposure time. The bioconcentration factor （BCF） for heavy metal Hg, Pb and Cd was most significant in Ostrea Rivularis among three kinds of marine bivalve mollusks, with the average BCF be-ing 2 435.6, 11.3 and 76.5 for Hg, Pb and Cd, respectively, therefore it was a more excellent bio-indicator of marine heavy metals pollution involved in marine environment monitoring and evaluation.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第3期1163-1167,共5页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
科技部科研院所社会公益研究专项(2005DIB3J021)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项基金(中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所)资助项目(2007TS18,2007ZD07,2007ZD08)
关键词
海洋双壳类
重金属
积累
释放
生物富集系数
marine bivalve molluscs
heavy metals
accumulation
elimination
bioconcentration factor （BCF）
