摘要
目的探讨标准化变应原皮肤试验结果与哮喘儿童年龄的关系，为避免接触变应原及进行早期特异性免疫治疗提供参考依据。方法对重庆医科大学附属儿童医院哮喘门诊2005年6月-2007年1月收治的913例哮喘患儿采用欧州丹麦ALK—ABELL0公司提供的13种标准化变应原皮肤点刺液进行试验，以变应原及组胺所致风团直径比判定其反应级别。分析各变应原的阳性率、皮肤指数（SI）、变应性哮喘的危险因素及各年龄组变应原sI和阳性项数。采用SAS8．2软件进行统计学分析。结果粉尘螨、屋尘螨和热带螨阳性率和s1分别居前3位。年龄是变应性哮喘的危险因素，其OR值为1．16，95％CI为1．09～1．24。〉5岁哮喘儿童变应原SI显著高于≤5岁哮喘儿童（Z=5．68P〈0．01）。2—8岁组哮喘患儿，无论变应原SI还是阳性项数都逐渐增加，其中〉5～8岁组哮喘患儿变应原SI和阳性项数水平高且增长快，〉8～10岁为高峰平台期，10岁后则呈下降趋势。结论年龄是变应性哮喘的危险因素。〉5岁哮喘患儿的变应原SI显著高于≤5岁哮喘患儿。〉5～8岁为变应性哮喘患儿特异性免疫治疗的最佳年龄期。应抓住这个特异性免疫治疗的窗口年龄期，尽早进行特异性免疫治疗。
Objective To explore the relationship of standardized allergens skin prick tests （SPT） and age of asthmatic children, to provide some basis reference as to when allergen avoidance should be carried out and when specific immunotherapy should be received as early as possible. Methods The data of standardized inhalant allergens SPT on 913 asthmatic children were collected by the Children＇s Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from Jun. 2005 to Jan. 2007. All the positive percentage and skin indexes of allergens SPT, risk factors of allergic asthma, skin indexes and positive numbers of allergens in each age group were analyzed. Software SAS 8.2 was used to analyze data. Results The positive percentage and skin indexes of Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Bromia tropicalis ranked the first to three positions, respectively. Age was an independent risk factor for allergic asthma. Its OR value was 1.16,95 % CI was 1.09 - 1.24. The skin indexes of allergens were significantly higher in 〉 5 years old group than those in ≤5 years old group （ Z = 5.68 P 〈 0.01 ）. Both the skin indexes and the positive numbers of allergens were increasing gradually from 2 -8 years old. Among which, both the skin indexes and positive numbers of allergens were higher and increasing faster from 〉 5 -8 years old ,and 〉 8 -10 years old was a peak -platform period of time for susceptive to allergens ,but there was a downtrend after 10 years old. Conclusions Age is an independent risk factor for allergic asthma. The skin indexes of allergens are significantly higher in 〉5 years old group than those in ≤5 years old group. The age as 〉5 - 8 years old is the optimal time for specific immunotherapy.
出处
《实用儿科临床杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第4期259-261,共3页
Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
