摘要
青春期女孩雌激素的分泌在初潮时期迅速升高,而反映骨代谢变化情况的生化标志物(bone biochemical marker)在血液中的水平明显下降,这表明雌激素的水平与骨代谢生化标志物之间存在着相关性。骨代谢生化标志物的下降标志着长骨两端骺软骨的生长骨板逐渐愈合,长骨内外表面骨组织合成减少,骨密度、骨松质的重建减慢。雌激素导致的这些变化主要通过促进生长骨板中的软骨细胞及骨密质和骨松质中破骨细胞凋亡来实现。在青春早期桡骨骨折的发生率十分的高,这可能与骨代谢生化标志物水平增高有关。另外,女孩初潮时间推迟会导致中老年时期骨折的危险因素增高,与同龄人相比骨密度下降。这都表明初潮时期女孩的雌激素分泌对骨骼的代谢有着重要的调节作用。
The increment in estrogen in pubertal girls is related to decrease in bone biochemical markers. This decrease indicates the closure of the epiphyseal growth plates, the decrease in periosteal apposition and endosteal resorption within cortical bone, and in bone remodelling within cortical and cancellous bone. Estrogen promotes these changes by promoting apoptosis of chondrocytes in the growth plate and osteoclasts. Early puberty is correlated with an increased risk of distal forearm fracture, and this may be related to the high rate of bone biochemical markers. A late menarche is a consistent risk factor for fracture and low bone mineral density in the postmenopausal period.
出处
《体育科研》
CSSCI
2008年第3期94-96,共3页
Sport Science Research
