摘要
采用生物能量学方法对不同盐度对褐牙鲆幼鱼生长和补偿生长的影响进行了研究。研究结果表明，盐度12～40的范围对平均体重为2．6g的褐牙鲆幼鱼的湿重生长没有显著影响，而盐度5（IS5）和47（IS47）会明显阻碍平均体重为6．9g幼鱼的生长，但IS5的生长延缓在30d的恢复生长（盐度19，IS19）后获得完全补偿，而IS47处理最终未能赶上IS19处理。盐度操作对幼鱼摄食能、摄入的能量分配于呼吸消耗、排粪的比例均有显著影响，而对排泄损失的能量比例没有明显影响。对于单位体重日能量分配而言，盐度操作对摄食能、呼吸消耗、生长、排粪损失的能量有明显的影响，但对排泄能量损失没有显著影响。研究还发现，盐度操作对褐牙鲆幼鱼身体水分和蛋白质含量没有显著影响，但对脂肪和能量含量有一定影响。结果表明，盐度19左右为褐牙鲆幼鱼生长最适合的盐度，其对盐度的适应范围较广，特别是对低盐度表现出极强的耐受和适应能力。
Salinity is an environment factor with important effects on the growth and energy allocation of brown flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. An energetic method was used to investigate the effects of salinity manipulating on the growth and compensatory growth of juvenile P. olivaceus following salinity manipulating in the present experiment. In the experiment I, juvenile P. olivaceus with an average body weight of 2.6 g were kept in seawater with different salinities （ 12 - S12, 19 - S19, 26 - S26, 33 - S33, 40 - S40） for 30 d. In the experiment II, juvenile P. olivaceus with body weight of 6.9 g stocked in seawater with salinity 5 （IS5）, 19（IS19）, and as high as 47（IS47） during the first 10 d. Then the salinity was adjusted to 19 in 3 d at a steady rate and the fish experienced a recovery period of 30 d. It was found that the growth of juvenile P. olivaceus would not change significantly within the salinity range between 12 and 40. Juvenile P. olivaceus stocked in seawater with salinity 5 （IS5） and 47（IS47） would grow significantly slower than that fish stocked in salinity of 19. Fish in IS5 achieved completely compensatory growth in 30 d after the salinity was switched to 19. But Fish in IS5 failed to catch up the weight of fish in IS19. Salinity manipulating changed the energy ingestion and its allocation among respiration and feces lost, but not significantly affected the energy lost in excretion. Compared to fish in S40, fish in S19 allocated more energy to growth. Fish in IS47 fed less than that in IS19 over the different salinity-treating period. Fish in IS5 and IS47 allocated significant lower percentages of energy to growth than IS19. But the portions of respiration energy of them were significantly higher than IS19. In the recovery period, IS47 fed less than the other two. But the portions of growth energy were not significantly different from each other. IS5 consumed more energy in respiration than IS19 in this period. The energy lost in feces of IS19 was significantly higher than others. For unit body weight daily energy budget （J·g^-1·d^-1）, fish in S33 fed less than that in S12, S19, and S26. The highest value of unit body daily energy allocated to growth appeared in S19. Daily unit body weight energy ingestion and energy used to growth were both the highest in I519 over the stressing period. The energy lost in respiration in IS5 was higher than IS47. During the recovery period, fish in IS5 ate more than S47 and allocated more energy to growth compared to ISl9 and IS47. Unit body weight daily energy lost in feces of IS47 was significantly more than other treatments over the recovery period. Studies on the composition of fish showed that salinity manipulation put no significant effects on the moisture and protein content. But the lipid content and gross energy were affected by salinity manipulation. Energetic analysis indicated that the compensatory growth of juvenile P. olivaceus following low salinity stress was achieved by improved energy ingestion of feed. These results indicated that the optimal salinity for the growth of juvenile P. olivaceus would be about 19, and P. olivaceus is extremely tolerant to salinity, especially to low salinity.
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第3期402-410,共9页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30600462)
国家支撑计划课题(2006037029019)
中国海洋大学本科生科学研究训练计划(SRTP)
关键词
褐牙鲆
生长
能量分配
单位体重日能量分配
身体成分
补偿生长
Paralichthys olivaceus
growth
energy allocation
unit body weight energy budget
body composition
compensatory growth
