摘要
目的了解汶川地震中转运至后方医院伤员的伤情特点及治疗效果，探讨地震灾害后送伤员的救治经验和教训。方法总结第三军医大学西南医院、大坪医院所救治的273名伤员的年龄、性别、获救时间、受伤部位、ISS创伤评分、并发症、挤压伤情况及治疗效果。结果受伤年龄为1—96岁，平均48．6岁，其中0—14岁10例（-3．7％），15～44岁114例（41．8％），45—64岁81例（29．6％），65岁以上68例（24．9％）。男女比例为1：1．13。伤员的获救时间平均为6．7h，137例伤员在24h内被救出。受伤部位中，头颈部17例（5．6％），面部2例（0．7％），胸部48例（15．8％），腹部27例（8．9％），四肢、骨盆197例（64．7％），体表13例（4．3％）。ISS创伤评分为1～37，平均8．6分，〈16分172例（63．0％），≥16分101例（37．0％）。发生并发症者55例（20．1％），其中普通创面感染18例（6．5％），气性坏疽伤员1例（0．4％），肺部感染1例（0．4％），急性肾功能衰竭2例（0．7％），糖尿病6例（2．1％），发生挤压伤27例（9．9％）。所有伤员入院后首先评估生命征，抢救生命，处理并发症，病情平稳后进行手术治疗209例（76.6％），所有伤员无一例死亡，无一例截肢。结论地震灾害可同时出现大批伤员，多发伤常见。后方医院良好有效的治疗措施可以提高伤员的治愈率，降低伤员的死亡率和伤残率。
Objective To explore treatment efficacy of Wenchuan earthquake casualties transferred to rear hospitals. Methods A statistic investigation was conducted on the 273 casualties transferred to the Southwest Hospital and Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing for further treatment. Their age, gender, rescue time, injured parts, ISS （Injury Severity Score）, complications, crush injury and treatment effects were analyzed statistically. Results Ages of the injured ranged from 1 to 96 years old, with an average of 48. 6 years old. Ten cases were 0-14 years old （3.7%）, 114 cases 15-44 years old （41.8%）, 81 cases 45-64 years old （29.6%）, 68 cases above 65 years old （24. 9% ）. The ratio of male to female was 1： 1.13. The average rescue time was 6.7 hours and 50. 5% of the injured were rescued within 24 hours. As for the injured parts, 5.6% of the patients had injury to head and neck, 0. 7% to face, 15.8% to chest, 8. 9% to belly, 64. 7% to limbs and pelvis and 4. 3% to body surface. The ISS ranged from 1 to 37, with an average of 8.6 points. One hundred and seventy-two cases （63.0%） had 〈16 points, and 101 cases （37.0%） ≥ 16 points. Complications occurred in 55 eases （20. 1% ）, 18 of which （6. 5% ） had ordinary wound infection, 1 of which （0.4%） gas gangrene, 1 of which （0.4%） lung infection, 2 of which （0. 7% ） acute renal failure, 6 of which （2. 1% ） diabetes, and 27 of which （9.9%） crush injury. After hospitalization, patients were given life signs evaluation firstly. Then emergency treatment was carried out to save life or control complications. When conditions were stable, surgery was conducted for 209 patients （76. 6% ） . No death or amputation happened in this series. Conclusion Although 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake caused a large scale of multiple injures, fine and efficient treatment in rear hospitals can increase the curing rate and reduce the death and disability rates.
出处
《中华创伤骨科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2008年第6期504-506,共3页
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
关键词
地震
损伤
治疗
Earthquake
Injury
Treatment
