摘要
目的探讨中重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)对飞行员空中操作能力的影响。方法OSAHS组13例患者临床有睡眠异常主诉,并经多导睡眠图(PSG)确诊为中重度OSAHS,对照组为住院进行年度大体检的13名健康飞行员。所有入选者进行Epworth嗜睡程度问卷(ESS)评分,两项单任务测试包括视觉Sternberg记忆任务和听觉Oddball任务,以及一项由视觉追踪和听觉Oddball组合的双重任务测试。比较OSAHS组与对照组各项任务完成情况,同时在OSAHS组进行ESS评分、睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、最低血氧饱和度与各项任务成绩间的相关性分析。结果①OSAHS组存在白天嗜睡、精力减退等临床主诉,其中两例甚至在飞行中出现事故征候。②OSAHS组ESS评分明显高于对照组(t=7.64,P<0.01)。OSAHS组视觉Sternberg记忆任务反应时较对照组明显延长(t=2.28,P<0.05),听觉Oddball任务两组间无显著差异,双重任务OSAHS组追踪误差明显大于对照组(t=2.45,P<0.05)。③OSAHS组ESS评分与视觉Sternberg记忆任务的反应时存在正相关(r=0.605,P<0.05)。结论中重度OSAHS患者有不同程度的操作能力损害,存在飞行安全隐患。临床未进行有效治疗的患者应适当限制飞行。
Objective To explore the performance damage in pilots diagnosed moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS）. Methods Thirteen pilots complained of sleep disorders were diagnosed as moderate to severe OSAHS using polysomnography. Thirteen healthy subjects hospitalized for annum examination were selected as control group. All subjects were evaluated using Epworth sleepiness scale （ESS）. Two single tasks including Oddball task and Sternberg task and one dual task combined by visual tracing and Oddball task were executed in all subjects. The ESS score and the performance record of each task were compared between the two groups. Furthermore, the association of ESS, apnea-hypopnea index （AHI） and minimum arterial oxygen saturation with the results of each task in the OSAHS group were assessed. Results Patients in OSAHS group had obvious daytime sleepiness and fatigue; two of them even have nearaccidents in flying. As compared with the healthy control subjects, ESS score in OSAHS group was higher significantly （t=7.64, P〈0.01）. The reaction-time of Sternberg task in the OSAHS group was also significantly longer than that of control group （t= 2.28, P〈0.05）. The results of trackingerror in dual task increased significantly in OSAHS group （t=2.45, P〈0.05）. While the reaction-time of Oddball task in both groups had no difference. In OSAHS group there was positive correlation between the ESS score and the reaction-time of Sternberg task （r=0. 605 ,P〈0.05）, but there was no significant correlation between the results of polysomnography（including AHI and minimum arterial oxygen saturation） and the performance records of single task and dual task. Conclusion Pilots suffered from moderate to severe OSAHS usually have performance damage in some degree, which has a critical effect on aviation safety. Thereafter, without successful treatment, pilots diagnosed moderate to severe OSAHS should be restricted in flying in some degree.
出处
《中华航空航天医学杂志》
CSCD
2007年第3期190-195,F0004,共7页
Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine
基金
全军医药卫生"十一五"专项课题(06Z010)
关键词
睡眠呼吸暂停综合征
认知
视觉
听觉
专业能力
Sleep apnea syndromes
Cognition
Vision
Auditory perception
Professional competence
