摘要
清代各级官学作为国家统治方略的一个组成部分,始终处于国家的强力控制之下,对所属学田无法拥有独立的经营权。清代江南官学学田所采用的地租形态不一而足。对官学的管理者教谕、训导来说,其本职工作是维持官学的正常运作,经营学田有着种种不便之处,也就不得不放弃经营权的独家掌控,给租户较大的自由空间。但在实际经营的过程中,学田时常被谋求更大利润的租户转租顶卖,而被豪强势要霸占或遭胥吏侵蚀的现象也所在多有。
The different level of official studies in Qing Dynasty were always controlled by the local government and can＇ t own the exclusive right to run eblonging to then of farmland. On the aspect of the school farmland which supports its running, official study differs a lot from lyceum in the running and the allocation of income. The official study of south of the Yangtze River in Qing Dynasty adopts different forms of landtax. To those managers of official study, their own responsibility is to maintain the normal running of school. They have to give up the exclusive operation right due to many inconveniences, therefore give a large freedom to the lessees. However, during the real operation process, farmlands are usually subleased or sold by others by the lessees who pursue more profits, and even forcibly occupied by local despots or petty officials.
出处
《中国农史》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第2期95-102,共8页
Agricultural History of China
关键词
官学学田
所有权
经营实态
租佃纠纷
farmland of government official study
property
real form of operation
tenancy dissension
