摘要
随着我国中医药产业的快速发展及世界范围内天然药物的不断发展,国内外对中药资源的需求迅速增加,使我国中药资源的消耗加大,给濒危的药用植物资源带来毁灭性的危险。中药材栽培和野生抚育等手段不能完全解决资源的压力问题,生物工程技术可以在解决中药资源紧缺的问题上发挥作用。采用生物技术中的快速繁殖技术,可以达到快速生产优质种苗的目的。一种方法是通过愈伤组织诱导出种苗的地上部分和根,形成许多小的植物株;另一种方法是利用体细胞胚的途径,由体细胞胚再形成大量的小植株,形成的这些植物株可以用于栽培和野生抚育增加种群数量。利用生物工程技术,在反应器中培养药用植物的细胞、组织或者器官,可以直接快速地获得药用植物的活性成分,节约对原料药材的使用;同时在大规模培养条件下,生产成本可以大大降低。生物工程技术在药用植物资源上的应用,特别是对濒危药用植物资源保护方面的应用,对中国有着特殊的意义,一方面中药资源是整个中医药的基础,另一方面中国是世界上使用和出口药用植物原料最多的国家。
Along with the progress of Chinese pharmaceutical industry, as well as the development of natural products in the world, the need of medicinal plant resources is increasing, which results in the ruinous destruction of endangered medicinal plants. The field cultivation and wild tending cultivation could not solve all the resource problems and the help with bioengineering technolgy will be needed in this field. Micropropagation could quickly supply the shoots with good quality medicinal plants by two ways, the shoot and root induction through callus or the other is shoot development by somatic embryos. The regenerated shoots could be transferred into the field for the base of field cultivation or tending cultivation. In addition, the active compounds could be produced by the cultivated medicinal plant cells, tissues, or organs in bioreactor, which could decrease the cost at industrial level. In China, the bioengineering technology should be developed and applied to the medicinal plants development, because the most resources to support the whole traditiolal Chinese medicine will be utilized, moreover, in China the most amount of extracts from medicinal plants are used and exported all over the world.
出处
《中草药》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第7期961-964,共4页
Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
基金
国家科技支持计划项目(2006BAI06A16-02)
关键词
药用植物
濒危资源
生物工程
快速繁殖
组织培养
medicinal plant
endangered resources
bioengineering
micropropagation
tissue culture
