摘要
统计了中国境内有分布的539种被子植物的DNA C-值,分析了它们在不同分类群、生活型、倍性、生活史类型以及在杂草和非杂草类群中的分布情况,主要结果如下:(1)539种被子植物DNA C-值平均为4.06 pg,其中木本植物的DNA C-值平均为1.84 pg,低于草本植物的平均值(5.02 pg);(2)双子叶植物(360种)的DNA C-值平均为2.20 pg,极明显地小于单子叶植物(179种)的平均值(7.80 pg);(3)1年生植物的DNA C-值平均为2.78 pg,明显小于多年植物的平均DNA C-值(6.65 pg);(4)134种杂草的DNA C-值平均为1.93 pg,明显小于非杂草草本植物的平均值(6.75 pg),含杂草较多的科,平均DNA C-值相对较小;(5)统计的47种入侵杂草的DNA C-值平均为1.76 pg,略小于134种杂草的平均DNA C-值(1.93 pg),极显著地小于非杂草性草本植物(6.75 pg);(6)以科为单位,不同科的DNA C-值存在着极大的差异;(7)DNA C-值与染色体倍性的关系并不明显,但是,随着倍性的增加,基因组变小;(8)在同一科、属中,与非杂草相比,典型杂草的DNA C-值往往偏小;(9)总体上杂草或杂草性强的植物,它们的DNAC-值比非杂草性植物的要小。但是,也还存在一些例外,例如野燕麦(Avena fatua)的DNAC-值就高达14.15 pg,而相反,十字花科和葫芦科的一些非杂草栽培植物,却具有很低的DNA C-值。结论:DNA C-值在预测外来物种的入侵性方面具有一定的应用价值,但是,由于在木本植物和草本植物之间、单子叶与双子叶植物之间、一年生和多年生植物之间,特别是在不同的科之间,植物的DNA C-值较明显的差异,因此,根据DNA C-值预测外来物种的入侵性,应该严格地限于同一科(或属)内的相关物种间的比较。
Using nuclear DNA C-values for 539 angiosperms in China, we examined the variation of these values among growth forms and taxonomic groups and the relationship of these values with invasiveness. Mean DNA C-value of the 539 angiosperm species was 4.06 pg. Mean DNA C-value was ( 1 ) significantly lower for woody species ( 1.84 pg) than for herbaceous species (5.02 pg) ; (2) significantly lower for 360 dicots (2.20 pg) than for 179 monocots (7.80 pg) ; (3) significantly lower for annuals (2.78 pg) than for perennials (6.65 pg) ; (4) significantly lower for 134 weed species (1.93 pg) than for herbaceous non-weeds (6.75 pg) and for several families that have an unusually high proportion of weed species; (5) significantly lower for 47 exotic weed species (1.76 pg) than for 134 native weeds (1.93 pg), but significantly lower than that of "non-weedy" herbaceous species (6.75 pg) ; (6) lower for weeds than for "non-weedy" species in same genus or family; and (7) in herbaceous species, generally lower for weedy compared to "non-weedy" species, with some exceptions such as Avena fatua, whose DNA C-value is as high as 14. 15 pg, contrarily, and some "non-weedy" herbaceous species in Cruciferae and Cucurbitaceae with very low values. DNA C-values varied much greatly among families. The relationship between DNA C-value and ploidy is not clear, whereas the mean DNA per basic genome decreased with increases in inploidy. Conclusion: DNA C-value is of practical value in the forecast of the invasiveness of exotic species. However, such predictions must be made with comparisons within families (or genus) because the DNA C- values vary greatly between woody and herbaceous species, between monocots and dicots, between annuals and perennials, and especially among families.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第8期3698-3705,共8页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(Y506007)
上海市教委重点科研资助项目(06ZZ20)
国家质检总局科技计划资助项目(科研专项08-03)
上海市科学技术技术标准专项资助项目(07DZ05020)~~